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. 2017 Jun 19;18(6):1306. doi: 10.3390/ijms18061306

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Nine essential amino acids biosynthesis leading to lysine (Lys), methionine (Met),threonine (Thr), phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp), valine (Val), isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), and histidine (His) in plants. Enzymes are indicated in yellow text. The catabolism indicated by the light blue boxes. Abbreviations: AK, Asp kinase; HSD, homoserine dehydrogenase; DHDPS, dihydrodipicolinate synthase; LKR, lysine ketoglutaric acid reductase; TS, Thr synthase; CGS, cystathionine γ-synthase; TDH, Thr dehydratase; PRS, ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase; MGL, Met γ-synthase; SAMS, S-adenosylmethionine synthase; AHAS, acetohydroxyacid synthase; KARI, ketol acid reductoisomerase; DHAD, dihydroxyacid dehydratase; BCAT, branched-chain aminotransferase; DAHPS, 3-deoxy-d-arabinoheptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase; CM, chorismate mutase; AS, anthranilate synthase; PDT, prephenate dehydratase; PPAT, prephenate aminotransferase; PPYAT, phenylpyruvate aminotransferase; ADT, arogenate dehydratase.