. 2017 Jun 4;14(6):596. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14060596

Table 5.

The relation of anxiety, life satisfaction and self-esteem and screen time components (n = 2625).

Characteristics	Log Anxiety ¹						Life Satisfaction ²						Self-Esteem ³
	School Day Behaviors			Non-School Day Behaviors			School Day Behaviors			Non-School Day Behaviors			School Day Behaviors			Non-School Day Behaviors
	b	SE	p ⁴	b	SE	p	b	SE	p	b	SE	p	b	SE	p	b	SE	p
Age	0.019	0.004	0.000	0.016	0.004	0.000	−0.404	0.067	0.000	−0.436	0.067	0.000	−0.266	0.040	0.000	−0.259	0.040	0.000
Gender	0.065	0.015	0.000	0.062	0.016	0.000	0.157	0.225	0.486	0.031	0.246	0.901	0.688	0.135	0.000	0.683	0.148	0.000
Watching TV
Never	Ref.						Ref.						Ref.
Not every day or <1 h	−0.023	0.019	0.210	−0.033	0.022	0.131	0.238	0.287	0.407	0.360	0.331	0.277	0.169	0.173	0.327	0.259	0.199	0.192
2–4 h	−0.094	0.047	0.047	−0.031	0.020	0.129	0.251	0.725	0.730	0.339	0.309	0.273	−0.935	0.436	0.032	0.166	0.186	0.373
>4 h	−0.082	0.099	0.408	0.034	0.027	0.208	−3.825	1.520	0.012	−0.520	0.420	0.216	−0.383	0.913	0.675	−0.057	0.253	0.823
Playing e-games ⁵
Never	Ref.						Ref.
Not every day or <1 h	−0.027	0.021	0.199	−0.033	0.021	0.118	0.310	0.329	0.346	0.177	0.325	0.587	−0.300	0.197	0.129	−0.353	0.195	0.071
2–4 h	−0.018	0.043	0.664	−0.028	0.021	0.192	−0.348	0.653	0.594	−0.096	0.328	0.770	−0.243	0.392	0.536	−0.107	0.198	0.589
>4 h	−0.167	0.088	0.058	−0.010	0.027	0.711	1.332	1.354	0.325	−0.475	0.410	0.247	0.101	0.813	0.901	−0.109	0.247	0.659
Electronic news/study materials
Never	Ref.						Ref.						Ref.
Not every day or <1 h	0.012	0.020	0.542	0.052	0.027	0.059	0.529	0.304	0.082	0.411	0.420	0.328	0.110	0.183	0.548	0.446	0.253	0.078
2–4 h	0.062	0.030	0.036	0.041	0.027	0.135	−0.404	0.454	0.373	0.429	0.419	0.304	0.208	0.273	0.445	0.272	0.251	0.279
>4 h	0.190	0.063	0.002	0.060	0.031	0.055	−0.041	0.960	0.966	−0.304	0.480	0.527	−0.031	0.576	0.957	0.203	0.289	0.483
Using SNS ⁶
Never	Ref.						Ref.						Ref.
Not every day or <1 h	0.037	0.021	0.078	0.072	0.028	0.009	−0.045	0.323	0.890	0.235	0.423	0.579	−0.126	0.194	0.516	−0.241	0.255	0.344
2–4 h	0.085	0.033	0.010	0.087	0.028	0.002	0.049	0.507	0.924	0.054	0.429	0.900	−0.178	0.304	0.559	−0.351	0.259	0.174
>4 h	0.106	0.047	0.025	0.087	0.031	0.005	−0.652	0.726	0.369	−0.037	0.477	0.938	0.052	0.436	0.905	−0.190	0.287	0.507
Watching videos
Never	Ref.						Ref.						Ref.
Not every day or <1 h	0.009	0.022	0.661	0.001	0.027	0.975	−0.264	0.330	0.425	0.357	0.412	0.385	−0.062	0.198	0.754	−0.108	0.248	0.662
2–4 h	0.001	0.037	0.970	0.001	0.026	0.964	−0.232	0.570	0.684	0.405	0.397	0.308	0.067	0.342	0.845	0.044	0.239	0.853
>4 h	0.013	0.067	0.846	0.049	0.031	0.106	−0.263	1.032	0.799	0.331	0.470	0.481	0.125	0.620	0.840	0.091	0.283	0.747
F	5.08			5.57			3.89			4.29			5.03			4.92
Adjusted R-squared	0.0257			0.0288			0.0184			0.0209			0.0254			0.0248

¹ Assessed via the Middle School Student Mental Health Scale with scores ranging from 6 to 30 (higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety), then undergoing a logarithmic transformation. ² Assessed via the Satisfaction with Life Scale with scores ranging from 5 to 35 (higher scores indicating higher levels of life satisfaction). ³ Assessed via the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale with scores ranging from 10 to 30 (higher scores indicating higher levels of self-esteem); ⁴ Values in bold are statistically significance (p < 0.05); ⁵ e-games: Electronic games. ⁶ SNS: Social networking sites.