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. 2017 Feb 16;112(1):195–213. doi: 10.1007/s11192-017-2284-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 1 — A conceptual model. CM1: citation count, CM2: field-weighted citation impact, CM3: citation benchmarking; EM1: scholarly activity, EM2: social activity, EM3: scholarly commentary, EM4: mass media; SCM1: national versus international collaboration, SCM2: single-discipline versus cross-discipline collaboration, SCM3: academia versus industrial affiliation collaboration; EdM1: usability of the research paper for undergraduate students, EdM2: usability of the research paper for graduate students