Table 2.
Descriptive statistics for the four experiments
| Treatment | P-value of TD vs TPb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TD | TP | NC | t-test | MW-test | |
| Experiment: SWE | |||||
| GAIN: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 73.02 (31.16) | 64.63 (30.88) | 0.0578 | 0.0254 | |
| LOSS: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 34.65 (31.42) | 43.28 (30.22) | 0.0498 | 0.0451 | |
| GAIN: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.00 (0.00) | 3.83 (0.00) | |||
| LOSS: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.00 (0.00) | 2.55 (0.00) | |||
| N | 101 | 98 | |||
| Women: % | 45.00 | 41.24 | |||
| Mean age | 23.30 | 22.39 | |||
| Experiment: USA | |||||
| GAIN: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 78.75 (30.44) | 68.95 (30.83) | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| LOSS: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 54.03 (38.93) | 62.79 (37.28) | 0.0057 | 0.0072 | |
| GAIN: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.08 (0.00) | 5.18 (0.00) | |||
| LOSS: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.00 (0.00) | 3.77 (0.35) | |||
| N | 298 | 285 | |||
| Women: % | 62.75 | 58.60 | |||
| Mean age | 43.87 | 43.36 | |||
| Experiment: AUT I | |||||
| GAIN: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 52.19 (35.29) | 45.31 (34.79) | 0.0802 | 0.0717 | |
| LOSS: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 44.48 (32.50) | 52.50 (34.45) | 0.0329 | 0.0360 | |
| GAIN: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.00 (0.00) | 5.63 (0.00) | |||
| LOSS: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.03 (0.00) | 2.50 (0.00) | |||
| N | 160 | 160 | |||
| Women: % | 49.02 | 49.38 | |||
| Mean age | 23.78 | 24.04 | |||
| Experiment: AUT II | |||||
| GAIN: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 59.41 (21.94) | 59.51 (26.35) | 64.06 (22.86) | 0.9671 | 0.7736 |
| LOSS: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 39.50 (19.59) | 45.26 (24.10) | 45.35 (22.55) | 0.0091 | 0.0223 |
| LOSS AVERSION: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 49.31 (19.76) | 51.51 (22.20) | 48.61 (19.93) | 0.2964 | 0.1624 |
| GAIN: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.00 (0.00) | 5.54 (1.49) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| LOSS: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.00 (0.00) | 4.36 (1.49) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| LOSS AV.: Missing responses (subjects): %a | 0.00 (0.00) | 6.24 (2.48) | 0 (0.00) | ||
| N | 202 | 202 | 202 | ||
| Women: % | 56.93 | 57.43 | 59.90 | ||
| Mean age | 23.53 | 23.48 | 23.43 | ||
| Pooled Data: All experiments | |||||
| GAIN: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 67.27 (31.59) | 60.75 (31.84) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| LOSS: Gambling rate: % (SD) | 45.59 (33.14) | 53.28 (33.57) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
aMissing responses are estimated as the fraction (%) of individual questions with missing responses. The number in parentheses gives the fraction (%) of individuals with missing responses on all 4 (5 in AUT II) gamble questions, who are not included in the gambling rate and statistical tests (i.e. all individuals with at least one response on the 4/5 gambling questions are included in the gambling rate and statistical tests)
bAUT II also included a no constraint (NC) treatment. The p-value of the t-test/MW-test is: 0.0375/0.0296 for TD vs NC and 0.0652/0.0926 for TP vs NC for GAIN; 0.0057/0.0180 for TD vs NC and 0.9703/0.9764 for TP vs NC for LOSS; 0.7258/0.9074 for TD vs NC and 0.1715/0.1382 for TP vs NC for LOSS AVERSION