Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Oct 17;169:68–72. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.009

Table 1.

Participant Characteristics by Primary Opioid

Primary opioid (N=139) F/χ2 p-value

Prescription opioid (n= 33) Heroin (n= 60) Combined (n= 46)
Sociodemographic

 Age (years) 38.3 (14.8) 26.1 (5.4) 28.0 (8.4) 19.01 <.001
 Female, % 27.3 26.7 19.6 0.90 .639

 Caucasian, % (n=138) 90.9 93.2 97.8 ----- -----a
 Hispanic, % (n=126) 0.0 0.0 10.0 ----- -----a

 Beyond high school, % 90.9 63.3 58.7 10.44 .005
 Employed, % (n=133) 50.0 41.4 35.6 1.55 .461

Past month opioid use, days
 Heroin use 0.0 (0.0) 24.7 (7.1) 24.9 (7.8) 183.60 <.001
 Prescription opioid use 24.0 (7.9) 0.4 (0.8) 13.0 (9.4) 140.49 <.001
Other substance use disordersb, %

 Alcohol 30.3 23.3 19.6 1.23 .540
 Benzodiazepines/other sedatives 15.2 15.0 26.1 2.46 .292
 Cocaine/other stimulants 3.0 25.0 17.4 7.19 .027
 Cannabis 18.2 20.0 30.4 2.17 .338

Current smoking status, % 45.5 86.7 82.2 21.17 <.001
Axis I psychiatric comorbidity, % 63.6 60.0 67.4 0.61 .736
a

Sample was 94% Caucasian and 88% non-Hispanic; statistics were not computed for these variables due to low prevalence.

b

No participants met criteria for hallucinogen or inhalant use disorders