Table 3.
Magnetic liquids | Applications | Flow-based | Analytes | Performance | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 MnCl2 GdCl3 | Density measurements | No | Foods and liquids | Density accuracy of ±0.0002 to ±0.02 g mL-1 | [37] |
1 GdCl3 | Teaching reaction Kinetics | No | Leucine on solid supports and amine derivatives | Experiment Performed in Approximately 1 h | [81] |
1 GdCl3 | Compound identification and reaction monitoring | No | Amine derivatives on polystyrene supports | Derivative identified in 15 min | [36] |
1 MnCl2 GdCl3 Gd·DTAD | Density measurements and food identification | No | Foods and liquids | 1 pL to 1 mL sample volumes | [82] |
1 GdDTPA | Protein analysis | No | BCA on PEGA supports | Real time protein quantification in several hours | [38] |
1 GdDTPA | Protein analysis | No | BCA/sulfonamide on PEGA supports | Determination of protein diffusion coefficients | [40] |
1 GdDTPA | Fabrication of living material | No | Hydrogel and cell seeded microbeads | Contactless spatial arrangement of living material | [90] |
2 MnCl2 MnSO4 | Protein analysis and immunoassays | No | Biotin and streptavidin on polystyrene supports | Improved real time protein quantification within 1 h | [87] |
2 Na2S2O | Cell monitoring | No | RBCs, WBCs, and PMNs | Real time morphological and spatial monitoring of cells | [39] |
2 Gd solution (gadavist) | Cell density measurements | No | RBCs, WBCs, and various cancer cell lines | Density resolution of ±0.0001 g mL-1 | [43] |
2 Gd solution (gadavist) | Microsphere density measurements | No | Polystyrene supports | Digital density measurements in under 6 min | [44] |
2 GdCl3 Gd·DTPA | Flow-based density separation | Yes | Microsphere supports | 0.10 to 0.25 μL min-1 flow rates | [35] |
2 Gd solution (gadavist) | Sickle cell anemia detection | No | RBCs | Results in 10 min | [91] |
2 Gd solution (gadavist) | Blood count test | No | RBCs and WBCs | Blood counts within 15 min | [45] |
Non-microfluidic manipulation and
microfluidic manipulation.