TABLE 2. Summary of Studies on Enrollment in Community-Based Health Insurance.

Study	Country	Date of Data Collection	Sample Size	Urban/Rural	Study Design	Enrollment
Poor Less Likely Than the Rich to Enroll
Parmar D et al. (2014)51	Burkina Faso	2004–2008	990 households	Both	Pre and post without control (repeated measures)	The poor were less likely to either enroll or use CBHI
Jutting JP (2004)52	Senegal	2000	346 households	Rural	Post without control	Higher-income group significantly more likely to enroll in health insurance
Dror DM et al. (2005)53	Philippines	2002	1,953 households		Post with control	The poor were more uninsured than the rich
Basaza R et al. (2007)54	Uganda	2004–2005	63 individuals	Rural	Case study with key informant interviews	Inability to pay premium most common reason (80%) for non-enrollment
Basaza R et al. (2008)55	Uganda	2005–2006	185 individuals	Rural	Qualitative—focus group discussions and in-depth interviews	Inability to pay premium most common reason for non-enrollment
Franco LM et al. (2008)56	Mali	2004	2,280 households	Both	Post with control	Enrollment was significantly higher in the rich wealth quintile than other quintiles; insured were more likely to use health services
Saksena P et al. (2011)58	Rwanda	2005–2006	6,800 households	Both	Post with control	Poorer households were less likely to be insured
De Allegri M et al. (2013)28	Burkina Faso	2004	547 households	Both	Post with control	Enrollees in insurance scheme were more likely to be wealthier than non-enrollees
Jütting JP (2004)9	Senegal	2000	346 households	Rural	Post with control	The poor were less likely to enroll in CBHI
No Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Enrollment
Schneider P et al. (2004)57	Rwanda	2000	2,518 households	Rural	Post with control	No relationship between socioeconomic status and enrollment in health insurance or use of it by enrollees
Premium Subsidy Increased Enrollment
Oberländer L et al. (2014)59	Burkina Faso	2008–2009	25,494 individuals	Both	Regression discontinuity	Probability of enrollment increased by 30 percentage points with eligibility for premium subsidy
Parmar D et al. (2012)60	Burkina Faso	2004–2007	990 households	Both	Pre and post without control (repeated measures)	With onset of subsidy, percentage of the insured who were poor increased from 3.4% in 2006 to 26.0% in 2007
Souares A et al. (2010)61	Burkina Faso	2006–2007	7,122 households	Both	Pre and post without control	With the onset of subsidy in 2007, the proportion of the poor enrolled in CBHI increased from 1.1% in 2006 to 11.1% in 2007
Zhang L et al. (2008)74	China	2004–2006	1,169 households	Rural	Post without control (repeated measures)	Low-income group was less likely to enroll in the subsidized CBHI than the middle- and high-income groups
Wagstaff A et al. (2007)75	China	2003, 2005	8,476 households	Rural	Pre and post with control (propensity score matching)	Subsidized insurance improved use of services in the poorest 10% of the population

Abbreviation: CBHI, community-based health insurance.