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. 2017 Jun 27;7:4272. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04496-w

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Impact of hBMP-2 addition to MSC therapy on endothelial cell recruitment in vasculogenesis. (A) (a and b) Co-localization of MSCs with CD31 + cells at the site of infusion. (B) (a) Tube length formation, human-endothelial cells (TrHBMEC, white bar) alone and with human MSCs (grey bar), and with the addition of 50 (dark grey bar) or 200 ng/ml hBMP-2 (black bar). (C) Fluorescent microscopy examination of the Matrigel basement membrane matrix from an in vitro tube formation assay with (a–d) endothelial cells (stained with alexa-coupled phalloidin), human-MSCs and hBMP-2 (TrHBMEC + MSCs + hBMP-2), staining with HIF-1 α (b), merged (c), and (e) plus siRNA in MSCs (MSCsi). (f) qRT-PCR measurement of HIF-1α RNA with siRNA (black histogram) or without white histogram. D qRT-PCR measurement of HIF-α RNA in the dermis and muscle with MSCs (grey histogram) or with MSCs plus hBMP-2 black histogram. Results were expressed as the fold change in comparison with un-irradiated (PBS-treated animals). Each group of animals comprised 10 Sprague Dawley rats. Comparison by ANOVA followed by the Mann-Whitney or Dunnett’s test for group pair-wise comparisons. Data represent mean ± SEM, ns: not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.