Sampling rates and “connect-the-dots” schemes can bias interpretation. Consider two particles that are undergoing oscillatory motion with the same amplitude and frequency but are slightly off-phase (top and middle, blue curves). At a frame rate less than the period of the particle motion, observations (top and middle, yellow curves) suggest an oscillatory model with the same amplitude but a different frequency. This effect, where some motion characteristics are inferred correctly while others are not, is called “aliasing” and is a key challenge of temporal super-resolution.