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. 2017 Jun 28;11:172. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00172

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Copyright © 2017 Xiong, Liu, Lu, Zhao, Dong, Liu, Zhang, Zhang and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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BMSCs could secrete NTFs in vitro revealed by immunofluorescent staining and western blots. (A, red, upper) Immunofluorescent staining of CNTF. (B, red, upper) Immunofluorescent staining of BDNF. (C, red, upper) Immunofluorescent staining of TGF-β1. (A–C, blue, middle) DAPI staining in each detection. The merged images for CNTF, TGF-β1 and BDNF were also showed in (A–C) respectively. (D) The merged negative control showed no positive fluorescence. Bar = 25 μm. White arrows represent the positive cells. (E) Western blots showed the true expression of NTFs including CNTF, TGF-β1 and BDNF secreted by the cultured BMSCs in vitro. BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor beta 1; CNTF, ciliary neurotrophic factor.