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Interferometry for monitoring surface wear during shear. Representative interference fringes recorded during surface forces apparatus shearing measurements, as visualized (A) at onset of interaction, (B) at large normal loads deforming contact junction, and (C) at onset of wear, indicated by yellow arrows. Fringes shape and shift (relative to initial mica–mica contact without film, not shown here) allowed us to monitor surface wear as well as film thickness and size of wear debris.
