Table 1.
List of all antibiotics used in this study*.
| Antibiotic | Stock solution | Final Conc. | Main mechanism of action | Antimicrobial spectrum | Bactericidal/Bacteriostatic |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ampicillin (Sigma, A9518) | 50 mg/ml in H2O | 0.1–2 mg/ml | Cell wall | Gram (+), (−) | Bactericidal |
| Streptomycin (Sigma, S9137) | 25 mg/ml in H2O | 0.1–2 mg/ml | Aminoglycoside, 30S protein synthesis | Gram (+), (−) | Bactericidal |
| Carbenicillin (Sigma, C3416) | 50 mg/ml in H2O | 0.1–2 mg/ml | Cell wall | Gram (+), (−) | Bactericidal |
| Tetracycline (Sigma, T3383) | 50 mg/ml in H2O | 0.03–0.3 mg/ml | 30S protein synthesis | Gram (+), (−) | Bacteriostatic |
| Neomycin (Sigma, N6910) | 50 mg/ml in H2O | 0.1–1 mg/ml | Aminoglycoside, 30S protein synthesis | Gram (+), (−) | Bactericidal |
| Bacitracin (Sigma, B5150) | 50 mg/ml in 1N HCl | 0.05–1 mg/ml | Cell wall | Gram (+) | Bactericidal |
| Normocin™ (InvivoGen) | Commercial | 0.05–0.5 mg/ml | 50S protein synthesis + DNA synthesis + disrupting ionic exchange through cell membrane (yeast & fungi) | Gram (+), (−) Fungi | Bactericidal |
| Chloramphenicol (Sigma, C0378) | 50 mg/ml in ethanol | 0.005–0.05 mg/ml | 50S protein synthesis | Gram (+), (−) | Bacteriostatic |