Table 3.
Mixed-effects models of change for HOMA2-B, HOMA2-S and ISI0,120 by ethnic group (comparing South Asian and white individuals)
| HOMA2-B (loge) | HOMA2-S (loge) | ISI0,120 (loge) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | |||
| Intercept | 4.39 (4.36, 4.44)*** | 4.18 (4.13, 4.24)*** | 3.63 (3.59, 3.67)*** |
| SA | 0.03 (−0.06, 0.12) | −0.22 (−0.36, −0.08)** | −0.10 (−0.19, −0.02)* |
| t | −0.05 (−0.07, −0.04)*** | −0.016 (−0.026, −0.006)** | −0.14 (−0.16, −0.13)*** |
| t × SA | −0.007 (−0.014, −0.000)* | −0.032 (−0.062, −0.001)* | 0.001 (−0.007, 0.008) |
| t 2 | −0.005 (−0.007, −0.003)*** | 0.0007 (0.0002, 0.0013)* | −0.011 (−0.013, −0.009)*** |
| t 2 × SA | – | −0.0019 (−0.0036, −0.0002)* | – |
| t 3 | −0.00011 (−0.00017, −0.00004)** | – | −0.0003 (−0.0003, −0.0002)*** |
| t 3 × SA | – | – | – |
| Model 2 | |||
| Intercept | 4.39 (4.34, 4.45)*** | 4.23 (4.16, 4.29)*** | 3.66 (3.60, 3.71)*** |
| SA | 0.10 (0.02, 0.18)* | −0.33 (−0.46, −0.21)*** | −0.16 (−0.24, −0.07)*** |
| t | −0.052 (−0.066, −0.039)*** | −0.012 (−0.021, −0.002)* | −0.14 (−0.16, −0.13)*** |
| t × SA | −0.007 (−0.014, −0.001)* | −0.024 (−0.051, 0.003) | 0.001 (−0.006, 0.009) |
| t 2 | −0.005 (−0.006, −0.003)*** | 0.0003 (−0.0002, 0.0009) | −0.011 (−0.013, −0.009)*** |
| t 2 × SA | – | −0.0014 (−0.0029, 0.0001) | – |
| t 3 | −0.00010 (−0.00016, −0.00004)** | – | −0.0003 (−0.0004, −0.0002)*** |
| t 3 × SA | – | – | – |
Values are model coefficients (95% CI)
Model 1: age (60 years), sex (male); model 2: age (60 years), sex (male), BMI (28 kg/m2), employment grade (intermediate), diet (moderately healthy), physical activity (moderately active)
All outcome variables were loge-transformed before analysis due to the skewed distribution
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
SA, South Asian; t, time