TABLE 2.
Predictors of 30-day mortality
| Variable | 30-day mortality |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) of patientsa |
P | ||
| No (n = 207) | Yes (n = 45) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| Female sex | 80 (39) | 24 (53) | 0.07 |
| Age >65 yrs | 66 (32) | 25 (56) | 0.003b |
| Health care risk factors | |||
| Admission from NH/LTCF | 22 (11) | 8 (18) | 0.18 |
| Hemodialysis, <1 yr | 35 (17) | 1 (2) | 0.01b |
| Hospital admission, <1 mo | 64 (31) | 22 (49) | 0.02b |
| Hospital admission, <6 mo | 108 (52) | 23 (51) | 0.90 |
| Hospital associatedc (n = 250) | 166 (81) | 38 (85) | |
| Health care onset (HA/HO) | 117 (57) | 21 (47) | 0.16 |
| Community onset (HA/CO) | 49 (24) | 17 (38) | |
| Community associated (CA) | 39 (19) | 7 (16) | |
| Surgery, <72 h | 12 (6) | 3 (7) | 0.73 |
| Surgery, <1 year | 61 (29) | 10 (22) | 0.33 |
| Central venous catheter (temporary) | 25 (12) | 9 (20) | 0.16 |
| Central venous catheter (permanent) | 38 (18) | 5 (11) | 0.07b |
| Percutaneous device | 20 (10) | 4 (9) | 1.0 |
| Primary site of infection (categorized) | 0.061 | ||
| Bacteremia only | 41 (20) | 12 (27) | |
| Catheter associated | 48 (23) | 5 (11) | |
| Pneumonia | 28 (14) | 12 (27) | |
| SSTI | 27 (13) | 7 (16) | |
| Otherd | 63 (30) | 9 (19) | |
| Secondary site of infection | 0.34 | ||
| Metastatic or embolic | 46 (22) | 13 (29) | |
| No secondary infection | 161 (78) | 32 (71) | |
| Mean comorbidity and disease severity scores | |||
| Mean Charlson comorbidity index (IQR) | 5.2 (3–7) | 6.0 (5–7) | 0.10 |
| Score ≥3 | 167 (81) | 42 (93) | 0.04b |
| Mean Pitt bacteremia score (n = 246) (IQR) | 1.6 (0–2) | 4.5 (2–9) | <0.001b |
| Score ≥4 | 31 (15) | 25 (57) | <0.001b |
| Treatment and clinical course | |||
| Initial treatment (n = 245) | |||
| Vancomycin only | 61 (31) | 11 (24) | 0.42 |
| Vancomycin with other agent | 70 (35) | 21 (47) | 0.14 |
| Beta-lactam with or without nonvancomycin agent | 56 (28) | 11 (24) | 0.62 |
| Other antistaphylococcal agent | 8 (4) | 2 (4) | 1.0 |
| Ineffective or absent therapy | 5 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.59 |
| Treated with ≥1 vancomycin dose (n = 245) | 140 (70) | 37 (82) | 0.10 |
| Treatment alteration (n = 245) | |||
| Altered within 2 days of initiation | 46 (23) | 8 (18) | 0.44 |
| Altered within 7 days of initiation | 74 (37) | 14 (31) | 0.46 |
| ID consult | 120 (60) | 24 (53) | 0.41 |
| Mean bacteremia duration (IQR) | |||
| >1 day | 77 (37) | 18 (40) | 0.73 |
| >3 days | 39 (19) | 9 (20) | 0.86 |
| >5 days | 14 (7) | 6 (13) | 0.14 |
| Strain characteristics | |||
| SpaCC, dichotomized | 0.27 | ||
| Spa-CC002 or spa-CC008 | 73 (35) | 12 (27) | |
| Other | 134 (65) | 33 (73) | |
| agr deficient | 18 (9) | 2 (4) | 0.54 |
| Vancomycin MIC, 2 mg/liter | 70 (34) | 14 (31) | 0.72 |
a
Except as indicated otherwise in column 1.
b
Statistically significant (P < 0.05) as determined by chi-square, Fisher exact, two sample t test, or Wilcoxon rank sum tests, where appropriate.
c
Comparison of HA/CO versus HA/HO versus CA infection categories.
d
“Other” includes UTI, device, surgical site, endovascular, CNS, and osteoarticular primary sites.