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. 2017 Jun 28;8:1117. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01117

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Copyright © 2017 Massonnet, Figueroa-Balderas, Galarneau, Miki, Lawrence, Sun, Wallis, Baumgartner and Cantu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Transcriptional modulation of the secondary metabolism-associated genes in response to N. parvum infection. Representation of the shikimate, phenylalanine, central phenylpropanoid, anthocyanin, stilbene and lignin biosynthetic pathways based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways (www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway.html) is provided. Dashed lines indicate that the gene expression modulation is not represented for the corresponding biosynthetic pathway. The cross above the arrow indicates that no transcriptional modulation of ICS genes has been identified. Heat maps depict significant fold changes (log₂) in expression of fungal infection-responsive genes, coding for biosynthetic enzymes involved in each pathway, in stem and leaf tissues from 3 hpi until 8 wpi. Colors in the heat maps represent the intensity of the expression changes. Shikimate biosynthetic pathway: DAHPS, 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase; DHQS, 3-dehydroquinate synthase; DHQD, Dehydroquinate dehydratase; SDH, Shikimate dehydrogenase; SK, Shikimate kinase; EPSPS, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase; CS, Chorismate synthase. Phenylalanine biosynthetic pathway: AS, Anthranilate synthase; CM, Chorismate mutase. Salicylic acid biosynthetic pathway: ICS, Isochorismate synthase. Central phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway: PAL, Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; C4H, Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; 4CL, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase. Anthocaynin biosynthetic pathway: CHS, Chalcone synthase; CHI, Chalcone isomerase; F3H, Flavonone-3-hydroxylase; F3′H, Flavonoid-3'-hydroxylase; F3′5′H, Flavonoid-3',5'-hydroxylase; DFR, Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; LDOX, Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase; UFGT, UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase. Stilbene biosynthetic pathway: STS, Stilbene synthase. Lignin biosynthetic pathway: HQT, Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase; CCR, Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase; C3′H, P-coumaroyl 3'-hydroxylase; CCoAOMT, Caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase; F5H, Ferulate 5-hydroxylase, COMT, Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase; CAD, Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase.