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. 2016 Nov 14;31(7):2731–2742. doi: 10.1007/s00464-016-5318-7

Table 3.

Risk of bias, ROBINS-I

ROBINS-I Dip [30] Dip [46] Osayi [35] Prevot [36]
Participants 65 45 82 23
Domain
 Bias due to confounding Low Low Low Low
 Bias in selection of participants into the study Low Low Serious Serious
 Bias in measurement of interventions Low Low Low Low
 Bias due to departures from intended interventions Low Low Low Low
 Bias due to missing data Low Low Low Low
 Bias in measurement of outcomes Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate
 Bias in selection of the reported result Low Low Low Low
Overall Moderate Moderate Serious Serious