Fig. 9.

Effects of adiponectin on utrophin A mRNA and protein levels in human control and DMD myotubes. Utrophin A (UTRN A) mRNA and protein levels were measured in C and DMD myotubes challenged by an inflammatory stimulus (with a combination of TNFα and IFNγ) and treated or not with ApN. a mRNA levels were normalized to TBP and presented as relative expression compared to control conditions (i.e., TNFα/IFNγ without ApN in C). b Protein levels on a representative Western Blot and Ponceau stain. Data from Western blots were quantified and normalized to Ponceau. The subsequent ratios are presented as relative expression compared to control conditions. Results are means ± SEM; n = 5–6 (a) and 3–6 (b) independent cultures from 3 to 4 different patients for each group. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 for the effect of ApN; ^## p < 0.01, ^### p < 0.001 for DMD versus C subjects