Table 2.

Molecules mediated hypoxia‐induced fibrogenic responses in CKD

Molecules	Related regulators	Fibrogenic effects	Ref(s)
miR‐124,miR‐34a, miR‐155	MMP2, Notch, Snail, HIF, TGF‐β1	Fibroblast activation, inflammatory responses, EMT regulation	76, 78, 79
IL‐18	AP‐1,TLRs, TNF‐α, MIP‐2,MCP‐1STAT3	Inflammatory responses, EMT regulation, cellular apoptosis	89, 92
KIM‐1	IL‐6, MCP‐1	Inflammatory responses	93, 95
ADO	A2BR, IL‐6, PAI‐1	Fibroblast activation, matrix modifying, collagen synthesis	97, 98, 99