Table 7. Association between compliance with infection prevention and control practices and health-care workers’ and facilities characteristics when supplies were available, by infection prevention and control domain, Kenya, 2015a.
| Variable | Regression coefficient estimate,b mean (SE),c,d per infection prevention and control domain |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hand hygiene | Protective gloves | Injections and blood samples | Reusable equipment | Waste segregation of needles and syringes | Waste segregation, excluding needles and syringes | |
| Health-care workers’ knowledge of infection prevention and control practices | 0.023 (0.005)*** | 0.062 (0.048) | −0.003 (0.003) | 0.151 (0.035)*** | 0.184 (0.060)*** | 0.030 (0.064) |
| Kenyan infection prevention and control guidelines available at the facility | 0.005 (0.010) | 0.050 (0.049) | 0.002 (0.002) | −0.086 (0.048)* | 0.006 (0.030) | 0.035 (0.070) |
| Health-care workers underwent training on infection prevention and control within the last calendar year | 0.017 (0.012) | 0.028 (0.032) | −0.003 (0.003) | −0.022 (0.033) | −0.031 (0.022) | −0.022 (0.055) |
| Health-care workers’ highest educational levele | ||||||
| College diploma | −0.004 (0.008) | −0.070 (0.032)** | 0.003 (0.002) | −0.005 (0.047) | −0.008 (0.019) | −0.089 (0.054)* |
| Bachelor’s, master’s or doctoral degree | 0.005 (0.013) | −0.090 (0.048)* | −0.000 (0.003) | 0.003 (0.071) | −0.071 (0.046) | −0.067 (0.094) |
| Age of health-care worker, per year | −0.000 (0.000) | −0.003 (0.001)* | −0.000 (0.000) | −0.001 (0.001) | −0.000 (0.001) | −0.002 (0.003) |
| Male health-care worker | −0.007 (0.008) | −0.056 (0.028)** | −0.001 (0.002) | −0.016 (0.038) | −0.015 (0.017) | −0.052 (0.050) |
| Public health facility | −0.014 (0.008)* | −0.032 (0.028) | 0.005 (0.003)* | 0.082 (0.035)** | 0.045 (0.019)** | −0.061 (0.064) |
| Health-care facility levelf | ||||||
| Level 3 | −0.022 (0.008)*** | 0.030 (0.034) | 0.003 (0.001)*** | −0.051 (0.081) | 0.027 (0.018) | −0.028 (0.066) |
| Level 4 | −0.032 (0.011)*** | 0.057 (0.041) | 0.001 (0.002) | −0.084 (0.063) | 0.016 (0.039) | 0.117 (0.069)* |
| Level 5 | −0.031 (0.018)* | −0.063 (0.048) | 0.002 (0.002) | −0.181 (0.049)*** | 0.062 (0.037)* | 0.243 (0.116)** |
| Order number of patients observed | −0.000 (0.000) | −0.004 (0.001)*** | −0.000 (0.000) | 0.002 (0.002) | 0.001 (0.000) | 0.001 (0.001) |
| No. of indicationsg | 30 580 | 13 265 | 9027 | 1637 | 7739 | 2246 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.015 | 0.027 | 0.006 | 0.058 | 0.051 | 0.036 |
*:P < 0.1; **: P < 0.5; ***: P < 0.01; SE: standard error.
a Further details of the statistical analysis are available from the corresponding author on request.
b Regression coefficients for the association between compliance with infection prevention and control practices and explanatory variables as determined by linear multiple regression.
c Standard errors are clustered at the health facility level.
d All values in the table are means and standard errors unless otherwise stated.
e College certificate level and below were excluded.
f Level 2 was excluded.
g An indication refers to a situation in which an infection prevention and control practice must be undertaken to prevent the risk of a pathogen being transmitted from one surface to another (Table 1).