Table 2.
Selected examples of thermophilic microorganisms isolated from marine habitats.
| Microorganisms | Site and Temperature of Isolation | References |
|---|---|---|
| Bacillus thermodenitrificans strain B3-72, Bacillus licheniformis strain B3-15 | Water of a shallow hydrothermal vent, Vulcano Island, Italy | [21] |
| Geobacillus sp. strain 4004 | Sediment in marine hot spring near the seashore of Maronti, Ischia Island, Italy | [39] |
| Hyperthermus butylicus | Hydrothermally heated flat-sea sediments off the coast of Sari Miguel, Azores; 107 °C | [32] |
| Pyrobaculum aerophilum | Maronti Beach, Ischia, Italy; 100 °C | [40] |
| Thermus aquaticus | Thermal springs in Yellowstone National Park and thermal spring in California; 70 °C | [41] |
| Pyrolobus fumarii | “Black smoker”; Mid Atlantic Ridge (depth 3650 m); 106 °C | [26] |
| Pyrococcus glycovorans | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent located on the East Pacific Rise; 95 °C | [42] |
| Pyrococcus yayanosii | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent, Mid-Atlantic Ridge; 98 °C | [43] |
| Pyrodictium abyssi | Marine hot abyssal sites black smokers; 97 °C | [31] |
| Pyrodictium brockii | Submarine solfataric field off Vulcano, Italy; Submarine solfataric field of Vulcano Italy, 105 °C | [30] |
| Staphylothermus hellenicus | Geothermally heated vents off Palaeochori Bay, Milos, Greece; 85 °C | [44] |
| Thermococcus celer | Solfataric marine water hole on a beach of Vulcano, Italy; marine solfataric fields of Kraternaya cove (Ushishir archipelago, Northern Kurils 88 °C | [45] |
| Thermococcus litoralis | Shallow submarine thermal spring from Lucrino and Vulcano in Italy; 88 °C | [38] |
| Thermococcus stetteri | Marine Ushishir archipelago, Northern Kurils solfataricus fields of Kraternaya 75 °C | [46] |
| Thermococcus profundus | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent, Middle Okinawa Trough; 80 °C | [47] |
| Thermococcus aegaeicus | Geothermally heated vents off Palaeochori Bay, Milos, Greece; 88–90 °C | [44] |
| Thermococcus atlanticus | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge; 85 °C | [48] |
| Thermococcus cleftensis | Hydrothermal vent chimneys in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean; 88 °C | [33] |
| Thermococcus nautili | Hydrothermal deep-sea vent, East Pacific Rise; 80 °C | [49] |
| Thermococcus prieurii | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent, East Pacific Rise; 85 °C | [50] |
| Thermococcus thioreducens | Deep-sea hydrothermal vent site on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge; 83–85 °C | [51] |
| Thermotoga maritima | Geothermally heated locales on the sea floor; 80 °C | [52] |