Table 3.
Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with recent use of antidepressants and with no concurrent use of antipsychotics, stratified by cumulative defined daily doses
| Cumulative defined daily doses | Including the combinationa | Excluding the combinationb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (N = 444) | Controls (N = 4980) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Cases (N = 433) | Controls (N = 4933) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Past usec | 193 (43.5) | 2474 (49.7) | 1 | 193 (44.6) | 2474 (50.2) | 1 |
| Recent users of AD_antaM3 d | ||||||
| ≤180 DDDs | 31 (7.0) | 247 (5.0) | 1.55 (0.91–2.64) | 27 (6.2) | 217 (4.4) | 1.49 (0.84–2.64) |
| 180–365 DDDs | 10 (2.3) | 99 (2.0) | 0.93 (0.42–2.06) | 9 (2.1) | 94 (1.9) | 0.90 (0.39–2.07) |
| >365 DDDs | 71 (16.0) | 496 (10.0) | 1.67 (1.21–2.30) | 65 (15.0) | 484 (9.8) | 1.57 (1.12–2.19) |
| Recent users of AD_nonantaM3 d | ||||||
| ≤180 DDDs | 25 (5.6) | 217 (4.4) | 1.51 (0.87–2.62) | 22 (5.1) | 187 (3.8) | 1.61 (0.90–2.86) |
| 180–365 DDDs | 6 (1.4) | 131 (2.6) | 0.56 (0.21–1.52) | 6 (1.4) | 123 (2.5) | 0.55 (0.20–1.55) |
| >365 DDDs | 60 (13.5) | 642 (12.9) | 1.15 (0.82–1.59) | 52 (12.0) | 633 (12.8) | 1.05 (0.74–1.49) |
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated
ORs were adjusted for the following covariates: use of benzodiazepines, beta blockers, thiazide diuretics, and systemic corticosteroids within the previous 6 months
AD_antaM 3 antidepressants that antagonize M3 muscarinic receptors, AD_nonantaM 3 antidepressants that do not antagonize M3 muscarinic receptors, CI confidence interval, combination both AD_antaM3 and AD_nonantaM3, DDD defined daily dose, OR odds ratio
aIncluding patients who recently received the combination of AD_antaM3 and AD_nonantaM3. Only the number of DDDs of AD_antaM3 was summed in the category of AD_antaM3 and vice versa
bExcluding patients who recently received the combination of AD_antaM3 and AD_nonantaM3
cReference category. Past use was defined as a patient who received a prescription of antidepressants (with or without M3 muscarinic receptor antagonism) that ended more than 2 years before the index date and no new prescription was filled until the index date
dThere were 11 cases and 47 controls recently exposed to the combination of AD_antaM3 and AD_nonantaM3