Table 2.
Fifths of observed fruit intake | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | p‐trendb | |
Total fruit, g/day | ≤ 66.7 | >66.7 to ≤ 123.6 | >123.6 to ≤ 197.3 | >197.3 to ≤ 320.0 | >320.0 | |
Cases, n | 1,420 | 1,540 | 1,556 | 1,419 | 1,101 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1 ref | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 1.02 (0.95–1.10) | 1.01 (0.94–1.09) | 0.93 (0.86–1.02) | 0.04 |
Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 1 ref | 1.03 (0.95–1.10) | 1.00 (0.93–1.08) | 0.99 (0.91–1.07) | 0.91 (0.83–0.99) | 0.01 |
Citrus fruit, g/day | ≤ 5.8 | >5.8 to ≤ 14.3 | >14.3 to ≤ 36.8 | >36.8 to ≤ 78.4 | >78.4 | |
Cases, n | 1,551 | 1,494 | 1,528 | 1,341 | 1,122 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1 ref | 1.08 (1.00–1.16) | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 0.96 (0.90–1.04) | 0.96 (0.88–1.04) | 0.03 |
Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 1 ref | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | 1.02 (0.95–1.10) | 0.95 (0.88–1.02) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 0.01 |
Apple/pear, g/day | ≤ 9.0 | >9.0 to ≤ 28.0 | >28.0 to ≤ 62.0 | >62.0 to ≤ 116.4 | >116.4 | |
Cases, n | 1,238 | 1,465 | 1,383 | 1,436 | 1,514 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1 ref | 1.09 (1.01–1.18) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 1.07 (0.99–1.17) | 1.04 (0.96–1.13) | 0.9 |
Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 1 ref | 1.08 (1.00–1.17) | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | 1.06 (0.97–1.15) | 1.02 (0.94–1.11) | 0.7 |
Banana, g/day | ≤ 0.6 | >0.6 to ≤ 7.1 | >7.1 to ≤ 15.0 | >15.0 to ≤ 43.0 | >43.0 | |
Cases, n | 1,270 | 1,357 | 1,430 | 1,496 | 1,483 | |
HR (95% CI) | 1 ref | 1.10 (1.01–1.20) | 1.09 (1.01–1.19) | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) | 1.07 (0.99–1.17) | 0.8 |
Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | 1 ref | 1.09 (1.00–1.19) | 1.08 (0.99–1.17) | 1.08 (0.99–1.17) | 1.05 (0.96–1.14) | 0.8 |
Cox regression analysis. All models are adjusted for age (underlying time variable) and stratified by recruitment center and age at recruitment.
Additionally adjusted for educational level (no degree, degree, unknown), smoking status (never, former, current, unknown), marital status (married, not married, unknown), diabetes (yes, no, unknown), physical activity (inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, active, unknown), height (<170, 170–174, 175–179, ≥ 180 cm, unknown), body mass index (<22.5, 22.5–24.9, 25–29.9, ≥ 30 kg/m2, unknown), and total energy intake (fifths).
p‐values for trend were obtained using a pseudo‐continuous variable equal to the median value in each fifth of intake.