Figure 2.

Mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) of isolated brain mitochondria from control and db/db mice. Absolute (a and b) and relative (c and d) oxygen consumption rates of the brain mitochondria from control and db/db mice, with glutamate (a and c) and glutamine (b and d), both in the presence of malate, as substrates. Arrows (in a and b) indicate the specific time points of compound addition. ADP stimulates coupled respiration, oligomycin A inhibits the ATP synthase, FCCP induces uncoupled respiration, and antimycin A inhibits complex III of the electron transport chain. Baseline is not shown. Results are presented as means ± SEM, n = 4–7, Student's t-test, p < 0.05.