Figure 4.

Raman spectroscopy of RBCs after air and N₂ APPJ treatment using excitation lasers with wavelengths of (a) 488 nm, (b) 532 nm, and (c) 633 nm. The Raman spectra of control RBCs, air APPJ-treated RBCs, and N₂ APPJ-treated RBCs were displayed in the ranges of (i) 700–3200 cm⁻¹ and (ii) 900–1700 cm⁻¹ wave numbers, and (iii) the differences between APPJ-treated samples and control were separately displayed.