Table 2.
Annual PD expenses ($, 2016 values) of the 116 participants.
| ≤5 years | 6–10 years | ≥11 years | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | |
| Direct costs | 1837.41 (588.00–3086.81) | 3244.01 (1623.48–4864.54) | 4407.80 (2919.82–5895.78) | 2503.46 (1600.49–3406.44) |
| Direct medical costs | 1546.68 (402.56–2690.80) | 1872.53 (615.89–3129.18) | 2499.30 (1576.99–3421.61) | 1737.93 (957.50–2518.35) |
| Antiparkinsonian drug | 593.46 (490.13–696.79) | 615.59 (385.67–845.50) | 650.65 (440.45–860.86) | 605.67 (514.86–696.48) |
| Levodopa (n = 103) | 100.90 (84.38–117.42) | 111.00 (92.61–129.39) | 99.47 (59.80–139.14) | 92.32 (80.42–104.21) |
| Dopamine agonists (n = 78) | 613.69 (527.64–699.73) | 521.86 (404.62–639.10) | 405.79 (281.81–529.77) | 378.11 (313.87–442.34) |
| Anticholinergics (n = 19) | 2.26 (1.51–2.99) | 1.50 (0.81–2.19) | 1.40 (−0.34–3.14) | 0.30 (0.16–0.44) |
| Amantadine (n = 33) | 5.30 (4.38–6.22) | 5.14 (4.09–6.19) | 4.67 | 1.47 (1.01–1.94) |
| MAO-B inhibitors (n = 19) | 527.67 (365.50–689.84) | 376.27 (212.58–539.96) | 312.60 | 71.18 (38.48–103.88) |
| COMT inhibitors (n = 10) | 643.85 | 840.59 (214.49–1466.68) | 643.85 | 62.29 (22.70–101.87) |
| Inpatient care (n = 28) | 1679.48 (1503.60–1855.35) | 1679.48 (1503.60–1855.35) | 1679.48 (1503.60–1855.35) | 460.29 (295.67–624.90) |
| Appointment fee (n = 116) | 43.24 (41.83–44.65) | 44.47 (43.55–45.40) | 53.66 (42.58–64.74) | 44.67 (43.22–46.12) |
| Surgery care (n = 3) | 38551.15 | 12987.85 (−17066.46–43042.17) | 0 | 556.27 (−171.12–1283.65) |
| Auxiliary inspections costs (n = 50) | 164.85 (163.46–166.24) | 164.16 | 164.16 | 71.03 (55.95–86.11) |
| Direct nonmedical costs | 290.72 (65.97–515.48) | 1371.48 (726.01–2016.96) | 1908.50 (812.35–3004.66) | 765.54 (496.72–1034.36) |
| Special equipment (n = 26) | 46.37 | 46.37 | 46.37 | 10.39 (6.82–13.96) |
| Transportation fee (n = 116) | 34.64 (23.55–45.73) | 34.04 (25.64–42.43) | 45.98 (29.12–62.85) | 35.64 (28.35–42.94) |
| Formal care (n = 26) | 2937.60 (1224.90–4650.30) | 3362.95 (2688.08–4037.82) | 3159.77 (2434.92–3884.62) | 719.50 (453.48–985.53) |
| Indirect costs | 3386.88 (2373.67–4400.09) | 4068.65 (2977.96–5159.35) | 3686.40 (2649.94–4722.86) | 722.48 (428.25–1016.71) |
| Productivity losses (n = 22) | 3386.88 (2373.67–4400.09) | 4068.65 (2977.96–5159.35) | 3686.40 (2649.94–4722.86) | 722.48 (428.25–1016.71) |