Fig. 1. (A) Variation of the Fermi level of 5 and 10 nm radius bare (eqn (8), solid line, d = ε d = 0) and monolayer protected (eqn (8), dashed or dotted line, d = 0.8 nm and ε d = 10 or 2) spherical Au NPs as a function of increasing charge on the metallic NP in solution (in this case water). (B) Variation of the Fermi level of bare metal NPs of different radius and the corresponding equilibrium potential between the Au NP and AuCl4 – ions, as calculated using eqn (8) and (14) when the activities of Au NPs and AuCl4 – are taken as unity.
