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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 28.
Published in final edited form as: RSC Adv. 2016 Apr 28;6(49):43453–43462. doi: 10.1039/C6RA08051K

Scheme 1.

Scheme 1

Proposed structures and mechanisms of EPFR formation in Cu-loaded clay and the PPP semiconducting polymer modified clay, showing possible π-π stacking interaction between polymer molecule and adsorbed phenol. The silyl group which can bind Cu(II) is an intrinsic part of the clay-confined PPP.