Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2017 Jun 28;7:4345. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04280-w

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Electrical conductivity of the engineered polymer/Bio-IL hydrogels crosslinked by visible light. (a) Experimental set-up of the two-probe electrical station used to measure the electrical conductivity of the engineered hydrogels. Conductivity measurements of Bio-IL conjugated (b) GelMA and (c) PEGDA hydrogels at different polymer concentrations and polymer/Bio-IL ratios (1% VC, 1.5% TEOA, 0.1 mM Eosin Y, and 120 s exposure to visible light were used to form GelMA and PEGDA hydrogels). (d) Electrical conductivity of 15% GelMA/Bio-IL composite hydrogels at 50/50 ratio, which was stretched up to 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% strain level demonstrating no significant changes in conductivity after stretching. (e) Schematic of ex vivo experiments performed using rat abdominal muscle tissues, connected using 15% final polymer concentration and 50/50 GelMA/Bio-IL ratio, and pure GelMA hydrogels (f) Threshold voltages at which contraction was achieved using 15% final polymer concentration GelMA/Bio-IL at 50/50 and 20/80 ratios, as well as pure 15% GelMA hydrogels. Error bars indicate standard error of the means, asterisks mark significance levels of p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**), and p < 0.001 (***).