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. 2017 Jun 29;8:1143. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01143

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Copyright © 2017 Zhou, Zhu, Xie, Li, Xiao, Ma and Wang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of B. licheniformis SA03 on Chrysanthemum plants under saline–alkaline stress. After 10 days of bacterial inoculation, the non-inoculated (NI) and inoculated (I) were subjected to saline–alkaline treatment for 4 weeks, respectively. The treated plants were used to analyze (A) growth phenotype, (B) total leaf areas (LA), (C) shoot and root fresh weight, (D) shoot and root dry weight, and (E) survival rate. BS, before the stress treatment; AS, after the stress treatment. Data are expressed as the mean values of three replicates (±SE) with 10 plants each. Different letters indicate significant differences using two-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan’s multiple range test at P < 0.05.