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. 2017 Jun 29;8:1161. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01161

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Copyright © 2017 Berenguer, Bárány, Solís, Pérez-Pérez, Risueño and Testillano.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Main stages of pollen development and microspore embryogenesis of Brassica napus. Micrographs of semithin sections stained by Toluidine blue showing the cellular organization. (A) Vacuolated microspore. (B,C) Gametophytic development. (B) Bicellular pollen grain. (C) Tricellular pollen grain. (D–H) Microspore embryogenesis. (D,E) Proembryos. (F) Globular embryo. (G) Torpedo embryo. (H) Cotyledonary embryos, panoramic view of a Petri dish of a microspore embryogenesis culture after 30 days. Ex, exine; V, vacuole. Bars represent: (A–C): 10 μm, (D–F): 20 μm, (G): 50 μm, (H): 1 mm.