LCN2 induced inflammasome activation is attenuated by NLRP3 deficiency. Wild type and NLRP3-/- mice heart fibroblasts were isolated and treated with recombinant LCN2 (1 μg/ml) or ATP plus LPS for 24 hours. Expression levels of inflammasome markers, Caspase-1 (A), IL-1β (B), NF-κB (C) and NLRP3 (D) were examined by qPCR. Adult rat heart fibroblasts were isolated and treated with recombinant LCN2 (1 μg/ml) or ATP (5 μM) plus LPS (2.5 μg/ml) for 24 hours in the presence or absence of NLRP3 inhibitor MCC-950 (0.1 μM). (E) Western blotting was performed to examine the protein levels of LCN2 and inflammatory markers in medium (IL-1β) and fibroblasts (HMGB1, Caspase-1, pNF-κB, tNF-κB). Caspase-1 (F) and IL-1β (G) mRNA levels were checked by qPCR. *, P<0.05, **, P<0.01 vs. corresponding control, n=3.