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Proposed surface modification model for a drug-loaded CA particle. Surface modification involves PEGylation and attachment of a targeting moiety to drug–apatite complexes. Streptavidin was used as a linker between drug–apatite particles and biotin–PEG, since biotin has specific affinity towards straptavidin. A cell-targeting moiety, such as fibronectin, is attached to the particles via ionic interactions.
