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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Healthc Mater. 2017 Mar 20;6(8):10.1002/adhm.201601225. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201601225

Figure 1. Decellularization of plant tissues.

Figure 1

a, Conceptual illustration of plant tissue processing. The cellular component of plant stems or leaves was eliminated by immersion in a series of detergents and bleach. Plant tissues were then biofunctionalized to provide a substrate for adhesion of human cells, using either biomineralization or coating with dopamine-conjugated RGD peptides (RGDOPA). b, DNA quantification in parsley stems, measured using the CyQuant® assay, showing a marked decrease in DNA content after decellularization. (*) represent statistically significant differences using paired student’s t-test n=3, p<0.05. c, Images displaying different appearance between normal and decellularized parsley stems. Color-enhanced SEM micrographs highlight the presence of a waxy cuticle on the surface of normal parsley stems, while the immersion in a hexane bath during the decellularization process dissolved the hydrophobic waxy layer and left a grooved surface structure.