Table 1.
Baseline serum carotenoids, erythrocyte fatty acids and urinary metabolites for participants enrolled in the MedLey study, by diet group allocation.
| Serum Carotenoids | MedDiet (n = 80) | HabDiet (n = 72) |
|---|---|---|
| β-cryptoxanthin (ng/mL) | 57.5 ± 55.8 | 52.7 ± 42.7 |
| Lycopene (ng/mL) | 192.1 ± 133.0 | 191.2 ± 228.9 |
| α-carotene (ng/mL) | 92.0 ± 145.8 | 74.2 ± 128.7 |
| β-carotene (ng/mL) | 1287.4 ± 1489.7 | 1028.3 ± 1785.9 |
| Lutein:zeaxanthin | 505.2 ± 376.0 | 513.2 ± 238.2 |
| Erythrocyte fatty acids | n = 80 | n = 72 |
| Total SFA (%tot) | 43.3 ± 0.9 | 43.6 ± 1.1 |
| Total trans fatty acids (%tot) | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| Total MUFA (%tot) | 18.4 ± 0.9 | 18.5 ± 1.2 |
| Total PUFA (%tot) | 37.8 ± 1.1 | 37.2 ± 3.2 |
| Total omega-3 fatty acids (%tot) | 10.7 ± 2.6 | 10.4 ± 2.7 |
| Total omega-6 fatty acids (%tot) | 27.1 ± 2.7 | 27.1 ± 2.8 |
| Omega-6:omega-3 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.8 |
| Omega-3 index | 7.4 ± 2.5 | 7.1 ± 2.5 |
| Urinary metabolites | n = 80 | n = 70 |
| Sodium (mmol/24 h) | 115.2 ± 51.0 | 119.6 ± 78.3 |
| Potassium (mmol/24 h) | 79.4 ± 24.4 | 78.3 ± 23.8 |
| Calcium (mmol/24 h) | 3.6 ± 1.8 | 4.1 ± 2.0 |
| Magnesium (mmol/24 h) | 4.6 ± 2.2 | 4.3 ± 1.5 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation (SD). MedLey, Mediterranean diet for cognitive and cardiovascular disease in the elderly study; %tot, % of total erythrocyte fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; Omega-3-Index = sum of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.