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. 2017 May 25;9(6):543. doi: 10.3390/nu9060543

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Effect of a polyphenol-rich extract from the berries of Aronia melanocarpa (AE) on procollagen I concentration in the bone tissue of rats exposed to cadmium (Cd). The rats received 0.1% aqueous AE or not (“+” and “−”, respectively) and Cd in diet at the concentration of 0, 1, and 5 mg/kg. Data are represented as mean ± SE for eight rats, except for seven animals in the AE group, and the groups treated with the 1 and 5 mg Cd/kg diet alone after 24 months. Statistically significant differences (Anova, Duncan’s multiple range test): * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. control group; † p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01 vs. respective group receiving Cd alone; ‡‡ p < 0.01 vs. respective group receiving the 1 mg Cd/kg diet. Numerical values in bars or above the bars indicate percentage change or a factor of change compared to the control group (↓, decrease) or the respective group receiving Cd alone (↗, increase).