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. 2017 Jun 14;9(6):604. doi: 10.3390/nu9060604

Table 1.

HomeStyles Study Measures and Baseline Scores (n = 489).

Measures # of Items Scale Type Possible Score Range Cronbach’s Alpha Mean ± SD Actual Score Range
Intrapersonal Factors
Parents
  Personal Organization [41] 4 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.64 2.60 ± 0.94 1–5
  Need for Cognition [42,43] 1 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 * 3.39 ± 0.97 1–5
  Control of Stress [44] 2 4-point frequency rating B 1–4 0.76 3.39 ± 0.76 1–4
  Health Status [37,38] 1 5-point excellence rating C 1–5 * 3.45 ± 0.94 1–5
  100% Fruit/Vegetable Juice (servings/day) [45,47,48,49,50] 2 9-point servings drank scale D 0–2.3 0.57 ± 0.57 0–2.29
  Milk (servings/day) [45,47,48,49,50] 1 9-point servings drank scale D 0–8 * 0.57 ± 0.45 0–1.14
  Sugar-sweetened Beverages [46,50] (servings/day) 4 9-point servings eaten scale D 0–4.6 * 0.71 ± 0.81 0–4.57
  % Total Calories from Fat [45,47,48,49] 17 5-point servings eaten scale E 0–100 * 36.66 ± 6.00 22.10–56.90
  Physical Activity Level [51,52,53] 3 8-point exercise scale F 0–42 * 13.8 ± 9.87 0–42
  Screentime [6,56] (minutes/day) 1 minutes/day 0–1440 * 354.69 ± 279.54 0–1425
  Sleep Duration (minutes/day) [57,58] ¥ 1 hours/day 0–24 * 7.08 ± 1.21 4–12
Children
  Health Status [37,38] 1 5-point excellence rating C 1–5 * 4.36 ± 0.77 2–5
  Fruit/Vegetable Juice (servings/day) [45,46,47,48,49,50,76] 2 9-point servings drank scale D 0–2.3 * 0.75 ± 0.56 0–2.29
  Milk (servings/day) [45,46,47,48,49,50,76] 1 9-point servings drank scale D 0–8 * 0.85 ± 0.35 0–1.14
  Sugar-sweetened Beverage (servings/day) [45,46,47,48,49,50,76] 2 9-point servings drank scale D 0–2.3 * 0.28 ± 0.42 0–2.29
  Physical Activity Level [51,52,53] 3 8-point Exercise scale F 0–42 * 25.83 ± 11.53 0–42
  Screentime minutes/day [6,56] 1 minutes 0–1440 * 294.57 ± 261.98
  Sleep Duration (hours/day) [57,58] † 1 hours 0–24 * 10.68 ± 1.41 8–15
Interpersonal/Social Factors
  Household Chaos [41,57] 2 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.86 2.51 ± 1.07 1–5
  Family Conflict [60] 5 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.86 1.99 ± 0.76 1–5
  Family Support for Healthy Eating and Physical Activity [61] 4 5-point frequency rating G 1–5 0.79 3.55 ± 1.35 1–5
Food-Related
  Family Meal frequency/week [61] 3 0–7 days for breakfast, lunch, dinner; score is sum of 3 meals 0–21 * 12.40 ± 5.02 0–21
   Family Meal Location [54,62,63]
  In Car (days/week) 1 0–7 days 0–7 * 0.55 ± 1.4 0–7
  At Fast Food Restaurant (days/week) 1 0–7 days 0–7 * 0.88 ± 1.27 0–7
  At Dining Table (days/week) 1 0–7 days 0–7 * 4.64 ± 2.5 0–7
  In Front of TV (days/week) 1 0–7 days 0–7 * 2.36 ± 2.52 0–7
  Media Device Use at Family Meals [6,22,52] (days/week) 1 0–7 days 0–7 * 1.69 ± 2.4 0–7
  TV Use at Family Meals & Snacking Occasions [6,22,52] (days/week) 1 0–7 days 0–7 * 3.50 ± 2.67 0–7
  Family Mealtime Emotional Environment [22,63] 2 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.62 4.06 ± 0.85 1–5
  Family Meals are Planned [65,66] 2 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.77 3.38 ± 1.02 1–5
  Parent Family Meal Preparation Self-Efficacy [66] 2 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.56 3.95 ± 0.9 1–5
  Parent Modeling of Healthy Eating [55,69,70] 4 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.74 3.61 ± 0.81 1–5
  Parent Self-efficacy for Food-Related Childhood Obesity-Protective Practices [6,67,68] 6 5-point confidence rating H 1–5 0.81 3.78 ± 0.71 1–5
Physical Activity-Related
  Parent: Child Co-Physical Activity (days/week) [6] 2 8-point modeling scale I 0–7 0.68 3.64 ± 1.85 0–7
  Parent Modeling of Physical Activity (days/week) [22,54,55,70] 2 8-point modeling scale I 0–7 0.59 3.20 ± 1.31 0–6.67
  Parent Modeling of Sedentary Activity (days/week) [22,54,55,70] 2 8-point modeling scale I 0–7 0.72 3.51 ± 2.33 0–7
  Parent Encouragement of Child Physical Activity [6,22,55,72,73] 5 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.85 4.02 ± 0.67 1–5
Parent Self-Efficacy for Physical-Activity Related Childhood Obesity-Protective Practices [6,67,68] 3 5-point confidence rating H 1–5 0.84 3.49 ± 1.01 1–5
Parent Values Related to Obesity-Protective Practices
  Healthy Eating Outcome Expectations [66,74] 6 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.92 4.55 ± 0.54 2–5
  Physical Activity Outcome Expectations [66,74] 6 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.94 4.44 ± 0.61 2–5
  Value Placed on Modeling Physical Activity [6,22,71,72,73] 2 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.73 3.86 ± 0.86 1–5
  Valued Placed on Not Modeling Sedentary Behavior [6] 1 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 * 3.81 ± 0.97 1–5
  Value Placed on Physical Activity for Children [72,73] 2 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.71 3.70 ± 0.88 1–5
Environmental Factors
Household Food Availability [46,47,50,75,76]
  100% Fruit/Vegetable Juice (servings/household member/week) 2 9-point servings scale J 0–8 * 3.19 ± 2.06 0–8
  Salty/fatty snacks (servings/household member/week) 4 9-point servings scale J 0–32 * 7.9 ± 7.19 0–32
  Sugar-sweetened Beverages (servings/household member/week) 4 9-point servings scale J 0–8 * 1.62 ± 1.8 0–8
  Milk (servings/household member/week) 1 9-point servings scale J 0–8 * 6.60 ± 2.04 0–8
Physical Activity Environment [77]
  Indoor Home Space & Supports For Physical Activity 6 Varies by item; 2 items are counts; 1 item is a 5-point agreement rating; A 3 items are 5-point occurrence ratings K 1–5 0.74 3.31 ± 0.87 1–5
  Outdoor/Yard Space & Supports For Physical Activity 4 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.75 4.31 ± 0.7 1–5
  Neighborhood Space & Supports For Physical Activity § 4 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.88 4.01 ± 0.99 0.50–5
  Neighborhood Environment Safety 2 5-point agreement rating A 1–5 0.42 3.41 ± 0.87 1–5
  Frequency of Active Play Outdoors 2 5-point occurrence ratings K 1–5 0.54 2.55 ± 0.97 1–5
Media Environment
  Total Number of Inactive Media Devices (including TV) in the Home [22,54,55] 6 Total devices L 0–66 * 10.51 ± 4.53 1–27
  Total Number of Inactive Media Devices (including TV) in Children’s Bedrooms 7 Total # of media device types M 0–7 * 1.32 ± 1.57 0–7
  Time Children are Allowed to Watch TV/Movies & Use Inactive Media Devices (e.g., computers, tablets, smart phones) [6] (minutes/day) 1 minutes 0–1440 * 475.98 ± 701.11 0–1440
  Total Time TV is on When No One is Watching [6,22,78] (minutes/day) 1 minutes 0–1440 * 130.18 ± 214.95 0–1410

* Not applicable. ¥ n = 477. † n = 448. n = 437. § n = 482. A 5-point Agreement Rating: strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree nor disagree, agree, strongly agree; scored 1 to 5 respectively with scoring reversed for negatively worded statements; scale score equals average of item scores; higher scale score indicates greater expression of the trait. B 4-point Frequency Rating: not at all, several days, more than half the days, nearly every day; scored 1 to 4; higher score indicates greater frequency. C 5-point Excellence Rating: poor, fair, good, very good, excellent; scored 1 to 5 respectively; higher score indicates better health. D 9-point Beverage Servings Rating: <1 time/week, 1 day/week, 2 days/week, 3 days/week, 4 days/week, 5 days/week, 6 days/week, 7 days/week, >1 time/day; scored 0 to 8 respectively; higher score indicates greater frequency. E 5-point Fatty Food Servings Rating: 1 time/month or less, 2 to 3 times/month, 1 to 2 times/week, 3 to 4 times/week, 5 or more times/week; scored 0 to 4 respectively; scale scoring algorithm is protected by copyright and described in detail elsewhere [79]; higher score indicates greater intake. F 8-point Exercise Days/week: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7; days/week weighted by exercise intensity (weights of 1, 2, 3 for walking, moderate, and vigorous activity, respectively) and summed to create scale score; higher scale score indicates greater activity level. G 5-point Frequency Rating: never, rarely, sometimes, most of the time, always; scored 1 to 5; higher score indicates greater frequency. H 5-point Confidence Rating: not at all confident, not confident, confident, quite confident, very confident; scored 1 to 5 respectively; higher scale score indicates greater confidence. I 8-point Modeling Days/week: 0 (almost never), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7; days averaged to create scale score; higher score indicates more frequent modeling. J 9-point Household Servings Rating: <1 time/week, 1 day/week, 2 days/week, 3 days/week, 4 days/week, 5 days/week, 6 days/week, 7 days/week, >1 time/day; scored 0 to 8 respectively; higher score indicates greater frequency. K 5-point Occurrence Rating: almost never, 1-2 times/week; 3 to 4 times/week, 5 to 6 times/week, every day; scored 1 to 5 respectively; scale score equals average of item scores; higher scale score indicates greater occurrence of behavior. L 11-point Media Device Count: 1 = 1 to 10 = 10, 11 = more than 10; scale score equals sum of items; higher score indicates greater number of media devices. M Response for each media device in child’s bedroom was 0 = no and 1 = yes; scale score equals sum of items; higher score indicates greater number of different media device types.