| Increasing the financial cost through increasing excise duty and reducing illicit supply |
1–2 percentage point reduction in prevalence for 10% increase in cost of smoking; increases cessation and reduces initiation |
| Anti-tobacco marketing campaigns |
Effect on cessation and initiation varies with content and intensity of campaigns |
| Brief physician advice to smokers |
1–3 percentage point increase in long-term smoking cessation rate in all those receiving it regardless of initial motivation to quit |
| Prescription for varenicline, nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, nortriptyline or cytisine |
5–15 percentage point increase in quit success in those using it to try to quit (highest with varenicline and nicotine patches plus faster acting nicotine replacement therapy) |
| Behavioural support, either face to face or by telephone |
3–10 percentage point increase in long-term quit success among those using it to try to quit for multi-session support delivered by trained specialists, the effect apparently being additive with pharmacotherapy |
| Printed self-help materials |
1–2 percentage point increase in long-term quit success in those using it to try to quit compared with nothing |
| Peer-led school-based anti-smoking programmes and social competence training |
Reduction in youth uptake varies with content and intensity of the programme |
