Table 1.
Clinical features of study patients stratified according to cognitive group
| PMCI (N = 46) | TCI (N = 98) | NCI (N = 182) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 67.5 (15.23) | 70.8 (13.16) | 62.83 (12.85) | <0.001 |
| Presenting event | ||||
| TIA | 24 (52.2) | 53 (54.1) | 104 (57.1) | 0.916 |
| Stroke | 14 (30.4) | 29 (29.6) | 44 (24.2) | |
| Other neurological events | 8 (17.4) | 16 (16.3) | 34 (18.7) | |
| Time from event to assessment, median (IQR) | 3 (1.75,9) | 3.5 (2,11) | 4 (2,10) | 0.651 |
| Time from assessment to follow-up, mean (SD) | 38.7 (24) | 37.7 (14.1) | 34.5 (14.6) | 0.13 |
| Pre-morbid mRS 0–1 | 38 (84.4) | 78 (84.8) | 165 (93.8) | 0.031 |
| mRS at 1 month 0–1 | 34 (81) | 63 (70) | 128 (79) | 0.20 |
| BP lowering drugs started after baseline | 25 (54.3) | 57 (60) | 100 (55.55) | 0.733 |
| History of hypertension | 29 (64.44) | 51 (53.76) | 83 (45.85) | 0.062 |
| History of smoking | 29 (67.44) | 50 (53.76) | 92 (51.68) | 0.174 |
| History of hyperlipidemia | 16 (38.09) | 35 (37.63) | 54 (30.5) | 0.403 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 9 (20) | 16 (16.84) | 15 (8.28) | 0.032 |
| Low education | 32 (69.56) | 65 (66.32) | 80 (43.95) | <0.001 |
| DWI positive lesion on MR | 6 (15.38) | 18 (23.37) | 30 (19.6) | 0.583 |
| Moderate to severe WMC | 18 (38.7) | 17 (17.6) | 27 (15) | 0.012 |
| MoCA ≥ 26 at FU | 10 (21.7) | 62 (63.3) | 170 (93.4) | <0.001 |
Data are number (%) unless otherwise stated.
PMCI: persistent mild cognitive impairment; TCI: transient cognitive impairment; NCI: no cognitive impairment; mRS: modified Rankin Scale; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; BP: blood pressure; DWI: diffusion-weighted imaging; WMC: white matter changes using the age-related WMC scale for both CT and MRI.