Table 4. Bivariable and multivariable analysis for self-reported antiretroviral adherence and viral suppression.
| Self-Reported Adherence (≥90)a | Self-Reported Viral Suppressionb | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted POR (95% CI) |
p-value | Adjusted POR (95% CI) |
p-value | Unadjusted POR (95% CI) |
p-value | Adjusted POR (95% CI) |
p-value | ||
| Age | 0.94 (0.83, 1.06) | 0.30 | — | — | 1.05 (0.95, 1.17) | 0.34 | — | — | |
| Education | |||||||||
| • < High School | 1.00 | 0.25 | 1.00 | 0.04 | 1.00 | 0.19 | |||
| • High school/GED, Some technical/college | 2.22 (0.74, 6.70) | 0.16 | — | — | 4.02 (1.38, 11.73) | 0.01 | 3.32 (0.91, 12.13) | 0.12 | |
| • >/ = College degree | 3.15 (0.76, 13.00) | 0.11 | 3.90 (1.06, 14.33) | 0.04 | 2.60 (0.57, 11.80) | 0.54 | |||
| Income | |||||||||
| • < $10,999 | 1.00 | 0.29 | 1.00 | 0.21 | |||||
| • $11,000-$20,999 | 1.91 (0.69, 5.32) | 0.22 | — | — | 1.68 (0.71, 3.97) | 0.24 | — | — | |
| • $21,000–30,999 | 0.87 (0.28, 2.67) | 0.81 | 1.46 (0.53, 3.99) | 0.46 | |||||
| • >/ = $31,000 | 2.78 (0.74, 10.45) | 0.13 | 3.65 (0.98, 13.56) | 0.05 | |||||
| Arrested (last 3 months) | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | |||
| • No | 0.97 (0.18, 5.21) | 0.97 | 1.60 (0.47, 5.50) | 0.46 | |||||
| Homeless (last 6 months) | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||
| • No | 3.41 (1.56, 7.44) | <0.01 | 2.04 (0.86, 4.85) | 0.11 | 2.61 (1.28, 5.34) | 0.01 | 2.26 (0.98, 5.21) | 0.06 | |
| Health insurance | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.66 (0.59, 4.64) | — | — | 1.28 (0.49, 3.34) | — | — | |||
| • No | 1.00 | 0.34 | 1.00 | 0.62 | |||||
| How do you best describe yourself? | — | — | — | — | |||||
| • Non-gay | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||
| • Gay | 1.73 (0.78, 3.86) | 0.18 | 1.50 (0.73, 3.08) | 0.27 | |||||
| Social support | |||||||||
| • Emotional/Informationalc | 1.12 (0.99, 1.27) | 0.07 | 0.97 (0.82, 1.15) | 0.74 | 1.01 (0.90, 1.13) | 0.87 | |||
| • Tangiblec | 1.14 (1.01, 1.29) | 0.04 | 0.99 (0.88, 1.10) | 0.79 | — | — | |||
| • Affectionatec | 1.04 (0.92, 1.16) | 0.54 | 0.97 (0.87, 1.08) | 0.55 | |||||
| • Positive Social Interactionc | 1.09 (0.97, 1.23) | 0.17 | 0.97 (0.87, 1.08) | 0.60 | |||||
| Social isolation | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | — | — | ||||
| • No | 2.04 (0.96, 4.35) | 0.06 | 1.16 (0.42, 3.22) | 0.78 | 0.70 (0.35, 1.38) | 0.30 | |||
| Depression | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | — | — | ||||
| • No | 4.91 (1.98, 12.19) | <0.01 | 4.70 (1.65, 13.37) | <0.01 | 1.15 (0.59, 2.24) | 0.68 | |||
| Anxiety | |||||||||
| • Minimal/Mild | 1.29 (0.59, 2.83) | 0.53 | — | — | 0.73 (0.35, 1.56) | 0.42 | — | — | |
| • Moderate/Severe | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||||||
| Alcohol | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | |||
| • No | 0.48 (0.20, 1.17) | 0.11 | 1.10 (0.49, 2.48) | 0.82 | |||||
| Marijuana | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | |||
| • No | 1.78 (0.76, 4.17) | 0.19 | 1.33 (0.66, 2.67) | 0.43 | |||||
| Crack/powder cocaine | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| • No | 1.09 (0.31, 3.75) | 0.90 | 3.28 (1.25, 8.60) | 0.02 | 2.59 (0.84, 8.00) | 0.10 | |||
| Methamphetamine | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| • No | 1.23 (0.29, 5.18) | 0.78 | 4.04 (0.97, 16.84) | 0.06 | 3.61 (0.64, 20.37) | 0.15 | |||
| Club drugs | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| • No | 1.03 (0.19, 5.56) | 0.97 | 0.33 (0.09, 1.24) | 0.10 | 1.68 (0.35, 8.00) | 0.52 | |||
| Opiates | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | |||
| • No | 1.65 (0.27, 10.27) | 0.59 | 2.59 (0.56, 12.00) | 0.23 | |||||
| Inhalants | |||||||||
| • Yes | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | |||
| • No | 0.80 (0.15, 4.13) | 0.79 | 2.45 (0.63, 9.53) | 0.20 | |||||
| Disclosure of HIV status to friends | |||||||||
| • None | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | |||
| • A few/ Most people/All | 1.83 (0.71, 4.72) | 0.21 | 0.57 (0.20, 1.66) | 0.30 | |||||
| Disclosure of HIV status to family | |||||||||
| • None | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | — | — | |||
| • A few/ Most people/All | 0.71 (0.26, 1.94) | 0.51 | 0.86 (0.37, 2.00) | 0.73 | |||||
| Disclosure of HIV status to sex partners |
|||||||||
| • None | 1.00 | — | — | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| • A few/ Most people/All | 1.30 (0.37, 4.61) | 0.69 | 5.18(1.51, 17.79) | 0.01 | 6.03 (1.62, 22.40) | 0.01 | |||
| Self-efficacy for HCP communication | |||||||||
| • Mean <4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | — | — | ||||
| • Mean ≥4 | 2.25 (0.92, 5.51) | 0.08 | 1.24 (0.46, 3.32) | 0.68 | 1.05 (0.43, 2.57) | 0.91 | |||
a 137 were included in bivariable analysis; 134 were included multivariable analysis due to missing independent variable values. Emotional/Informational social support and tangible social support were significant in bivariate analysis, but emotional/informational social support was included in the multivariable model with lower AIC.
b 157 were included in bivariable analysis; 145 were included multivariable analysis due to missing independent variable values.
c Odds for 10 unit increase in social support.