Table 5.
Risk of non-fatal self harm and suicide in relation to time since starting tricyclic antidepressant monotherapy or SSRI monotherapy (all ages)*
|
Non fatal self harm
|
Completed suicides
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure | Cases (n=1173) | Controls (n=18 537) | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio*(95% CI) | Cases (n=29) | Controls (n=607) | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio*(95% CI) |
| ≤14 days: | ||||||||
| Tricyclic antidepressants | 118 | 1643 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 48 | 1 | 1 |
| SSRIs | 242 | 4214 | 0.76 (0.60 to 0.97) | 0.77 (0.61 to 0.98) | 5 | 117 | 0.51 (0.12 to 2.08) | 0.45 (0.10 to 2.06) |
| 15-30 days: | ||||||||
| Triyclic antidepressants | 67 | 1231 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 36 | — | — |
| SSRIs | 208 | 3482 | 1.10 (0.82 to 1.48) | 1.11 (0.82 to 1.49) | 4 | 69 | — | — |
| 31-60 days: | ||||||||
| Tricyclic antidepressants | 77 | 1183 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 87 | 1 | 1 |
| SSRIs | 233 | 3395 | 1.10 (0.84 to 1.44) | 1.17 (0.88 to 1.54) | 4 | 144 | 0.49 (0.12 to 1.95) | 0.44 (0.10 to 2.01) |
| >60 days: | ||||||||
| Tricyclic antidepressants | 57 | 844 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 30 | 1 | 1 |
| SSRIs | 171 | 2545 | 1.08 (0.79 to 1.49) | 1.08 (0.78 to 1.50) | 4 | 76 | 0.39 (0.08 to 1.86) | 0.33 (0.07 to 1.66) |
*
Participants exposed to more than one antidepressant or prescribed non-SSRI, non-tricyclic antidepressants (see table 4) included in models but, for presentational purposes, data are not given in table.
†
Adjusted for severity of depression; time depression was diagnosed in relation to start of therapy; referral to psychiatrist or psychologist before index day; history of self harm; diagnosis of, or treatment for, anxiety or panic disorder; schizophrenia; antipsychotic drugs; drug misuse; and alcohol misuse.