Table 2. The sensitivity and specificity of the four methods when analyzing field samples.
| Detection target | Method | Sensitivity | Specificity | False-positive rate |
False-negative rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O1 | Culture | 66.67% | 100% | 0 | 33.33% |
| Vch-UPT-LFa | 100% | 100% | 0 | 0 | |
| Real-time fluorescent PCR | 100% | 94.05% | 5.95% | 0 | |
| Colloidal gold assay | 91.67% | 91.67% | 8.33% | 8.33% | |
| O139 | Culture | 0b | 100% | 0 | 100%b |
| Vch-UPT-LF | 100% | 98.95% | 1.05% | 0 | |
| Real-time fluorescent PCR | 100% | 98.95% | 1.05% | 0 | |
| Colloidal gold assay | 0b | 97.89% | 2.11% | 100%b |
a the up-converting phosphor technology-based lateral flow assay for the rapid and simultaneous detection of V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139
b The low sensitivity (0) and the high-false negative rate (100%) for V. cholerae O139 for the culture method and colloidal gold assay occurred because there was only one positive sample for V. cholerae O139, while both of these methods yielded false-negative results.