Figure 1.

Expression of GRP78 was increased in kidneys of patients with AKI. (A) Immunostaining of GRP78 in kidney sections of patients with AKI. Representative images of two randomized patients in four groups consisting of stage 1 (n=11), stage 2 (n=13), stage 3 (n=27), and normal kidneys of nephrectomy samples (n=10). Original magnification, ×400. (B) Semiquantitative scoring of GRP78 staining for both glomerular and tubular interstitial compartments is summarized in a bar graph. ***P<0.001, compared with normal samples; ^###P<0.001, compared with stage 1 or stage 2. (C–E) Correlation between the intensity of GRP78 staining in tubular compartment and renal function (peak eGFR [C], peak sCr [D], or peak-to-nadir sCr [E]) was calculated in patients with AKI using Pearson correlation analysis. P and R² are indicated on the graph; n=51. (F) Immunostaining of GRP78 in kidney sections of AKI stage 3 patients defined as nonprogressive (those that did not progress into CKD) or progressive (those that progressed into CKD). The representative pictures of staining are shown for patients in both groups. Original magnification, ×400. (G) Semiquantitative scoring of GRP78 staining in kidneys of both nonprogressive and progressive AKI stage 3 patients is summarized in a bar graph. Glom, glomerular; Tub, tubular.