The expression of RTN1A was increased in kidneys of patients with AKI. (A) Immunostaining of RTN1A in kidney sections of patients with AKI showed that the expression of RTN1A was mainly increased in the tubular interstitial compartment of patients with AKI. The representative images are shown for each group. Original magnification, ×400. (B) Semiquantitative scoring of RTN1A staining for both glomerular and tubular interstitial compartments is summarized in a bar graph. ***P<0.001, compared with normal; ###P<0.001, compared with stage 1; n.s., not significant. (C–E) Increased expression of RTN1A in the tubular compartment was associated with renal function in patients with AKI using Pearson correlation analysis. P and R2 are indicated on the graph; n=51. (F) Immunostaining of RTN1A in kidney sections of AKI stage 3 patients with or without disease progression. The representative pictures are shown for both nonprogressive and progressive groups. Original magnification, ×400. (G) Semiquantitative scoring of RTN1A staining in nonprogressive and progressive AKI stage 3 patients is summarized in a bar graph. Glom, glomerular; Tub, tubular.