Table 1.
Characteristics of patients at diagnosis of type 2-diabetes and at 6-year follow-up.
| At diabetes diagnosis | At 6-year follow-up | |
|---|---|---|
| N | 1381 | 970 |
| U-albumin/U-creatinine (mg/mmol), median (IQR) | 1.30 (0.68–3.25) | 1.55 (0.75–3.78) |
| Microalbuminuria (U-albumin/U-creatinine ≥ 2.5 mg/mmol), n (%) | 418 (31.7) | 315 (34.7) |
| U-8-oxoGuo/U-creatinine (nmol/mmol), median (IQR) | 3.64 (2.86–4.77) | 3.65 (2.94–4.66) |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 65.4 (55.7–73.6) | 69.2 (59.9–77.3) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 733 (53.1) | 492 (50.7) |
| Diabetes duration (years), median (IQR) | – | 5.71 (5.01–6.32) |
| Basic education only, n (%) | 1033 (78.8) | 729 (78.1) |
| Living alone, n (%) | 434 (32.2) | 320 (35.4) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | ||
| Never | 405 (30.1) | 296 (33.0) |
| Previous | 469 (34.8) | 323 (36.0) |
| Current | 472 (35.1) | 278 (31.0) |
| Fasting triglycerides (mmol/L), median (IQR) | 1.98 (1.41–2.91) | 1.80 (1.24–2.62) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L), median (IQR) | 6.2 (5.4–7.1) | 6.0 (5.3–6.8) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1026 (74.3) | 709 (73.1) |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%), median (IQR) | 10.2 (8.7–11.8) | 8.6 (7.8–9.8) |
| Serum creatinine (µmol/L), median (IQR) | 89 (80–101) | 90 (80–103) |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 29.1 (26.1–32.7) | 28.4 (25.5–32.0) |
| Physical activity, n (%) | ||
| Inactive | 372 (27.7) | 265 (29.6) |
| Active | 973 (72.3) | 630 (70.4) |
| Anti-diabetes treatment, n (%) | ||
| Diet only | 290 (29.9) | |
| Oral anti-diabetes treatment | 557 (57.5) | |
| Insulin | 122 (12.6) | |
| Retinopathy, n (%) | 55 (4.5) | 127 (14.9) |
| Peripheral neuropathy, n (%) | 263 (19.3) | 241 (25.6) |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 176 (12.7) | 164 (17.0) |