Table 1.
Summary of results from analyses of confined Brownian-motion of adhering coccal bacteria and bacterial probe AFM for the different strains involved in this studya.
| BACTERIAL STRAIN | BACTERIAL PROBE AFM | CONFINED BROWNIAN-MOTION ANALYSES | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adhesion force (nN) | Vibration amplitude (nm) | Autocorrelation time (s) | αf | |
| Staphylococcus aureus ATCC12600 | 1.1 ± 0.1b | 25 ± 5 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.30 ± 0.02 |
| Staphylococcus aureus NCTC8325-4 | 1.4 ± 0.2 | 17 ± 1c | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.20 ± 0.01 |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC35983 | 0.8 ± 0.1d | 78 ± 9 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.17 ± 0.01 |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC35984 | 1.5 ± 0.1c | 21 ± 4c | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.23 ± 0.03 |
| Streptococcus mutans LT11 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 6 ± 2e | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.01 |
| Streptococcus mutans IB03987 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 95 ± 23 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.18 ± 0.01 |
| Streptococcus salivarius HB7 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 94 ± 3 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 0.17 ± 0.01 |
| Streptococcus salivarius HBC-12 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 69 ± 15 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.10 ± 0.01 |
Autocorrelation times were taken as the time after which 50% of the autocorrelation was lost, while the α values presented refer to A × tα (see also Eq. 4) for times t > 1 s. ± Signs indicate the standard errors of the mean over 10 different bacterial probes in AFM each used up to 5–10 times on different locations on a glass surface or 30–50 individual bacteria in bacterial vibration spectroscopy respectively, as divided over three separate bacterial cultures. aMotile bacterial strains and species were excluded as self-induced movement, as e.g. by flagellated strains39 will interfere with their random Brownian-motion. b, c, d, eThese data points have been published before in15, 17, 25, 40 respectively. fα = 1 indicates free diffusion with no confinement; α = 0 indicates confinement due to permanently attached tethers.