Table 2.

Pain characteristics among the CLBP sample

	Diagnosed CLBP (N =392)
	%	N
Lower back pain (lumbar area) – how severe is your pain?
Mild	47.4%	186
Moderate	43.9%	172
Severe	8.7%	34
Severity of pain now (0–10; mean, SD)	4.6	2.2
Severity of pain in past week (0–10; mean, SD)	4.5	2.3
Number of years diagnosed with pain (mean, SD)	9.2	9.7
How frequently do you have problems with pain?
Daily	44.6%	175
4–6 times a week	14.5%	57
2–3 times a week	19.1%	75
Once a week	9.2%	36
2–3 times a month	8.7%	34
Once a month or less often	3.8%	15
Lower back pain (lumbar area) – who diagnosed your pain?
General internist	4.6%	18
Gynecologist	1.3%	5
Orthopedist	82.1%	322
Rheumatologist	1.0%	4
Pain management specialist	0.8%	3
Other	10.2%	40
Currently uses prescription medication to treat pain	39.8%	156
Uses prescription NSAID for pain (either oral or topical)	76.3%	119
Uses opioid for pain (either weak or strong opioid)	14.1%	22
Uses antidepressant for pain	2.6%	4
Uses pregabalin for pain	11.5%	18
Uses other type of prescription medication for pain	19.2%	30
Ever used a prescription medication for pain (among those not currently using a prescription)	62.7%	148
Uses over the counter products for pain	28.1%	110
Uses herbal products for pain	3.1%	12

Abbreviations: CLBP, chronic lower back pain; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.