Table 2.
Body weight, relative organ weights and relative adipose tissue weights of 12‐week‐old male and female offspring exposed to sucrose or HFCS‐55 during the prenatal and/or suckling periods
| C‐C | S‐S | S‐C | C‐S | P‐value | C‐C | H‐H | H‐C | C‐H | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 week male | n = 8 | n = 11 | n = 8 | n = 8 | n = 8 | n = 8 | n = 9 | n = 9 | ||
| Body weight (g) | 409.2 ± 11.0 | 410.1 ± 6.6 | 401.3 ± 12.1 | 403.5 ± 12.0 | *0.906 | 409.2 ± 11.0 | 393.3 ± 7.3 | 396.4 ± 8.5 | 402.0 ± 10.6 | *0.676 |
| Relative liver (%) | 3.87 ± 0.08 | 3.86 ± 0.10 | 3.90 ± 0.07 | 4.03 ± 0.13 | *0.602 | 3.87 ± 0.08 | 3.82 ± 0.08 | 3.89 ± 0.10 | 3.86 ± 0.04 | *0.948 |
| Relative heart (%) | 0.34 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.34 ± 0.01 | *0.915 | 0.34 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.37 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | *0.287 |
| Relative adrenal (%) | 0.016 ± 0.001 | 0.017 ± 0.001 | 0.017 ± 0.001 | 0.019 ± 0.001 | *0.125 | 0.016 ± 0.001 | 0.019 ± 0.001 | 0.017 ± 0.001 | 0.017 ± 0.001 | *0.215 |
| Relative kidney (%) | 0.64 ± 0.01 | 0.68 ± 0.02 | 0.66 ± 0.02 | 0.69 ± 0.01 | 0.233 | 0.64 ± 0.01 | 0.67 ± 0.02 | 0.66 ± 0.02 | 0.67 ± 0.01 | *0.511 |
| Relative pancreas (%) | 0.15 ± 0.01b | 0.12 ± 0.004a | 0.13 ± 0.01a, b | 0.11 ± 0.01a | * 0.001 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | *0.722 |
| Relative total fat (%) | 7.56 ± 0.22b | 7.04 ± 0.31a, b | 7.01 ± 0.39a, b | 6.00 ± 0.38a | * 0.023 | 7.56 ± 0.22 | 6.09 ± 0.43 | 7.17 ± 0.40 | 6.33 ± 0.30 | * 0.022 |
| Relative subcutaneous fat (%) | 2.73 ± 0.15 | 2.57 ± 0.12 | 2.43 ± 0.14 | 2.21 ± 0.17 | *0.105 | 2.73 ± 0.15 | 2.35 ± 0.15 | 2.40 ± 0.22 | 2.33 ± 0.10 | *0.297 |
| Relative total visceral fat (%) | 4.80 ± 0.16b | 4.08 ± 0.16a, b | 4.67 ± 0.33b | 3.65 ± 0.23a | * 0.005 | 4.80 ± 0.16 | 3.72 ± 0.30 | 4.41 ± 0.26 | 4.08 ± 0.26 | *0.063 |
| Relative gonadal fat (%) | 1.76 ± 0.10b | 1.58 ± 0.08a, b | 1.66 ± 0.15a, b | 1.26 ± 0.12a | * 0.025 | 1.76 ± 0.10 | 1.57 ± 0.18 | 1.51 ± 0.12 | 1.51 ± 0.16 | *0.560 |
| Relative retroperitoneal fat (%) | 1.86 ± 0.09 | 1.58 ± 0.12 | 1.84 ± 0.16 | 1.46 ± 0.09 | 0.080 | 1.86 ± 0.09b | 1.31 ± 0.08a | 1.77 ± 0.11a, b | 1.52 ± 0.12a, b | * 0.015 |
| Relative omental fat (%) | 1.19 ± 0.06b | 1.10 ± 0.06a, b | 1.16 ± 0.06a, b | 0.93 ± 0.05a | * 0.031 | 1.19 ± 0.06 | 1.08 ± 0.08 | 1.13 ± 0.07 | 1.06 ± 0.05 | *0.534 |
| 12 week female | n = 8 | n = 11 | n = 8 | n = 8 | n = 8 | n = 8 | n = 9 | n = 9 | ||
| Body weight (g) | 266.1 ± 5.4 | 255.3 ± 6.5 | 275.4 ± 6.0 | 273.1 ± 7.8 | *0.119 | 266.1 ± 5.4 | 269.4 ± 13.2 | 266.3 ± 8.3 | 280.6 ± 9.1 | *0.651 |
| Relative liver (%) | 3.53 ± 0.08 | 3.71 ± 0.09 | 3.66 ± 0.06 | 3.89 ± 0.12 | *0.073 | 3.53 ± 0.08a | 3.84 ± 0.05b | 3.68 ± 0.05a, b | 3.54 ± 0.07a | * 0.014 |
| Relative heart (%) | 0.40 ± 0.01b | 0.36 ± 0.01a, b | 0.35 ± 0.01a | 0.35 ± 0.01a | * 0.018 | 0.40 ± 0.01 | 0.37 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.02 | 0.36 ± 0.01 | *0.449 |
| Relative adrenal (%) | 0.027 ± 0.001 | 0.028 ± 0.001 | 0.028 ± 0.001 | 0.027 ± 0.001 | *0.746 | 0.027 ± 0.001 | 0.029 ± 0.002 | 0.028 ± 0.001 | 0.027 ± 0.001 | *0.484 |
| Relative kidney (%) | 0.68 ± 0.01 | 0.70 ± 0.01 | 0.68 ± 0.01 | 0.70 ± 0.02 | 0.688 | 0.68 ± 0.01 | 0.70 ± 0.01 | 0.66 ± 0.01 | 0.67 ± 0.004 | *0.151 |
| Relative pancreas (%) | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | *0.864 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | *0.862 |
| Relative total fat (%) | 9.54 ± 0.45 | 9.18 ± 0.34 | 8.71 ± 0.60 | 9.23 ± 0.67 | *0.752 | 9.54 ± 0.45 | 8.30 ± 0.52 | 9.40 ± 0.68 | 9.37 ± 0.46 | *0.408 |
| Relative subcutaneous fat (%) | 2.84 ± 0.12 | 2.77 ± 0.11 | 2.53 ± 0.12 | 2.84 ± 0.28 | *0.607 | 2.84 ± 0.12 | 2.68 ± 0.24 | 3.13 ± 0.23 | 2.75 ± 0.15 | *0.372 |
| Relative total visceral fat (%) | 6.53 ± 0.39 | 6.20 ± 0.23 | 6.28 ± 0.52 | 6.22 ± 0.39 | *0.930 | 6.53 ± 0.39 | 5.66 ± 0.30 | 6.50 ± 0.43 | 6.52 ± 0.31 | *0.352 |
| Relative gonadal fat (%) | 3.09 ± 0.18 | 3.11 ± 0.24 | 3.71 ± 0.37 | 3.50 ± 0.28 | *0.321 | 3.09 ± 0.18 | 2.77 ± 0.20 | 3.32 ± 0.26 | 3.25 ± 0.28 | *0.472 |
| Relative retroperitoneal fat (%) | 1.95 ± 0.19b | 1.62 ± 0.19a, b | 1.23 ± 0.12a | 1.37 ± 0.11a, b | 0.027 | 1.95 ± 0.19 | 1.66 ± 0.07 | 1.95 ± 0.12 | 2.14 ± 0.17 | *0.173 |
| Relative omental fat (%) | 1.39 ± 0.06 | 1.27 ± 0.04 | 1.33 ± 0.10 | 1.29 ± 0.06 | *0.628 | 1.39 ± 0.06 | 1.22 ± 0.07 | 1.29 ± 0.11 | 1.36 ± 0.07 | *0.487 |
Data are presented as mean ± SEM. The reported P‐value indicates the effect of treatment within each sex, as determined by the one‐way ANOVA. a,bDifferent superscript letters denote mean values that were significantly different from each other (P < 0.05) for each sex within each experimental grouping. *A significant effect of offspring sex, independent of treatment, within each experimental grouping. Significant P‐values are in bold.