Table 3.

Right ventricular morphologic parameters (mean ± SEM)

Parameter	CTL (n = 16)	OLD (n = 12)	IUGR (n = 16)	ANOVA	Post hoc
Absolute values
RV‐ESV (ml)	14.4 ± 1.7	16.4 ± 2.5	23.0 ± 3.1	G** S***	CTL < IUGR** M > F***
Male	17.4 ± 2.8	23.1 ± 3.2	31.4 ± 4.3
Female	11.4 ± 1.6	10.7 ± 1.5	14.5 ± 1.2
RV‐EDV (ml)	28.0 ± 3.0	31.7 ± 5.5	33.7 ± 3.8	S***	M > F***
Male	33.3 ± 4.7	45.8 ± 7.1	45.6 ± 4.2
Female	22.6 ± 2.8	17.6 ± 1.5	21.7 ± 1.3
RV‐pWT (mm)	4.1 ± 0.3	3.2 ± 0.3	2.9 ± 0.4	‐
Male	4.7 ± 0.5	3.7 ± 0.5	2.6 ± 0.5
Female	3.4 ± 0.4	2.8 ± 0.2	3.2 ± 0.6
RV‐LSF (%)	26 ± 3	17 ± 2	15 ± 2	G**	CTL > OLD* CTL > IUGR**
Male	28 ± 3	16 ± 3	13 ± 3
Female	23 ± 4	19 ± 2	17 ± 2
RV‐WTF (%)	61 ± 3	45 ± 4	44 ± 5	G*	CTL > OLD* CTL > IUGR*
Male	61 ± 4	50 ± 8	44 ± 9
Female	61 ± 6	40 ± 4	43 ± 6
RV‐ESSI (%)	62 ± 6	38 ± 3	63 ± 5	G**	CTL > OLD* IUGR> OLD*
Male	63 ± 8	38 ± 5	60 ± 5
Female	61 ± 9	39 ± 3	66 ± 9
RV‐EDSI (%)	48 ± 4	35 ± 2	57 ± 4	G**	CTL > OLD– IUGR> OLD**
Male	43 ± 5	36 ± 4	59 ± 5
Female	53 ± 6	34 ± 2	56 ± 7
Normalized to body surface area (BSA)
RV‐ESV/BSA (ml m–2)	27.8 ± 8.6	28.6 ± 13.0	43.1 ± 16.1	G*** S***	CTL < IUGR** OLD < IUGR** M > F***
Male	30.6 ± 3.1	36.2 ± 5.5	52.0 ± 6.2
Female	25.1 ± 2.8	21.1 ± 2.9	33.7 ± 3.2
RV‐EDV/BSA (ml m–2)	54.4 ± 3.4	46.5 ± 4.8	63.1 ± 4.6	G** S***	OLD < IUGR** M > F***
Male	58.7 ± 4.5	58.4 ± 5.9	76.1 ± 5.7
Female	50.0 ± 4.9	34.7 ± 3.4	50.1 ± 3.2
RV‐pWT/BSA (mm m–2)	8.4 ± 0.8	5.4 ± 0.2	5.9 ± 0.9	G*	CTL > OLD* CTL > IUGR–
Male	8.9 ± 1.1	5.3 ± 0.3	4.7 ± 0.9
Female	7.9 ± 1.1	5.4 ± 0.3	7.2 ± 1.4

G, group only; S, sex only; GS, group and sex; –P < 0.1; ^* P < 0.05; ^** P < 0.01; ^*** P < 0.005. No significant sex‐group interaction was found. EDSI, end diastolic sphericity index; EDV, end diastolic volume; ESSI, end systolic sphericity index; ESV, end systolic volume; LSF, longitudinal shortening fraction; pWT, peak wall thickness; RV, right ventricular; WTF, wall thickening fraction.