Table 3.
Bone mineral density in urban and rural men and women by age group and body mass index
| (a) Lumbar spine BMD | |||||
| Sex | Age (years) | BMI (kg/m2) | Bone mineral density (g/cm2) | ||
| Urban | Rural | Mean difference and 95% CI | |||
| Men | < 50 | < 25 | 0.94 ± 0.16 | 1.05 ± 0.16 | -0.11a (-0.16, -0.06) |
| ≥ 25 | 0.89 ± 0.12 | 1.04 ± 0.17 | -0.15b (-0.26, -0.03) | ||
| ≥ 50 | <25 | 0.80 ± 0.15 | 0.86 ± 0.15 | -0.06b (-0.12, -0.01) | |
| ≥ 25 | 0.83 ± 0.11 | 0.92 ± 0.15 | -0.09b (-0.17, -0.01) | ||
| Women | < 50 | < 25 | 0.85 ± 0.11 | 0.97 ± 0.13 | -0.12a (-0.16, -0.09) |
| ≥ 25 | 0.92 ± 0.11 | 1.04 ± 0.13 | -0.12b (-0.20, -0.05) | ||
| ≥ 50 | <25 | 0.70 ± 0.11 | 0.71 ± 0.15 | -0.01 (-0.05, 0.03) | |
| ≥ 25 | 0.76 ± 0.11 | 0.82 ± 0.15 | -0.06b (-0.11, -0.01) | ||
| (b) Femoral neck BMD | |||||
| Sex | Age (years) | BMI (kg/m2) | Bone mineral density (g/cm2) | ||
| Urban | Rural | Mean difference and 95% CI | |||
| Men | < 50 | < 25 | 1.12 ± 0.14 | 1.13 ± 0.15 | -0.01 (-0.06, 0.04) |
| ≥ 25 | 1.11 ± 0.09 | 1.14 ± 0.16 | -0.03 (-0.13, 0.08) | ||
| ≥ 50 | < 25 | 1.05 ± 0.18 | 1.06 ± 0.16 | -0.01 (-0.07, 0.05) | |
| ≥ 25 | 1.21 ± 0.19 | 1.19 ± 0.20 | 0.02 (-0.11, 0.14) | ||
| Women | < 50 | < 25 | 1.14 ± 0.13 | 1.13 ± 0.14 | 0.01 (-0.04, 0.04) |
| ≥ 25 | 1.21 ± 0.15 | 1.15 ± 0.13 | 0.06 (-0.02, 0.15) | ||
| ≥ 50 | < 25 | 0.92 ± 0.14 | 0.83 ± 0.19 | 0.09b (0.03, 0.14) | |
| ≥ 25 | 1.02 ± 0.17 | 0.97 ± 0.21 | 0.05 (-0.01, 0.13) | ||
Statistical significance at aP < 0.001 and bP < 0.05. Statistical significance is indicated by bold-faced letters.