Table 2.
Catalyst | % Yield of the Products Formed When Glycine Was Heated at 50, 90, and 120 °C for 35 Days | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DKP (Diketopiperazine) (Gly) | (Gly)2 | (Gly)3 | |||||||
50 °C | 90 °C | 120 °C | 50 °C | 90 °C | 120 °C | 50 °C | 90 °C | 120 °C | |
No catalyst | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.43 | n.d | 0.40 | 0.20 | n.d | n.d | n.d |
NiFe2O4 | 4.50 | 17.15 | 22.01 | 14.71 | 25.70 | 20.10 | trace | 14.2 | 3.10 |
CoFe2O4 | 3.30 | 16.13 | 20.84 | 10.91 | 22.98 | 16.01 | * n.d | 6.30 | 1.40 |
CuFe2O4 | 1.78 | 13.89 | 17.23 | 7.11 | 19.72 | 12.71 | n.d | 2.47 | 0.71 |
ZnFe2O4 | 1.41 | 12.01 | 15.67 | 4.07 | 18.70 | 11.11 | n.d | 1.23 | 0.15 |
MnFe2O4 | 0.31 | 9.80 | 12.45 | 0.41 | 15.01 | 8.90 | n.d | n.d | n.d |
* n.d = not detected.